Archaeobotanical Reports from the Levant
(Israel, Jordan, Lebanon) and Related Items

accumulated by Naomi F. Miller, University of Pennsylvania Museum
September 2023

Albert, R.M., S. Weiner, O. Bar-Yosef, and L. Meignen
2000 Phytoliths in the Middle Paleolithic deposits of Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel: Study of the plant materials used for fuel and other purposes. Journal of Archaeological Science 27: 931-947. [ doi:10.1006/jasc.2000.0507]
Levant//Kebara Cave//Middle Paleolithic//phyto

Albert, R.M., O. Bar-Yosef, L. Meignen, and S. Weiner
2003 Quantitative Phytolith Study of Hearths from the Natufian and Middle Paleolithic Levels of Hayonim Cave (Galilee, Israel). Journal of Archaeological Science 30:461-480. [doi:10.1006/jasc.2002.0854]
Levant//Hayonim//Mid Paleo//Epipaleo//phyto

Allen, Susan E.
2002 Palaeoethnobotany: Preliminary Results. In Sha'ar Hagolan I, by Y. Garfinkel and M.A. Miller, pp. 236-246. Oxbow Books, Oxford.
Levant//Sha'ar Hagolan//7M//6M

Allué, E. and D. Griffiths
2006 Identification of wood from Bronze Age contexts at Sidon. Archaeology and History of Lebanon 24: 23-33.
Lebanon//Sidon//3M

Amichay, Oriya, Doron Ben-Ami, Yana Tchekhanovets, Ruth Shahack-Gross, Daniel Fuks, and Ehud Weiss
2019 A bazaar assemblage: reconstructing consumption, production and trade from mineralised seeds in Abbasid Jerusalem. Antiquity 93: 199-217.
Levant//Givati Parking Lot Site//Jerusalem//AD

Amichay, O. and E. Weiss
2020 The archaeobotanical remains. In Excavation in the Tyropoeon Valley (Giv'ati Parking Lot) Final Report II: The Byzantine and the Early Islamic Periods, eds. D. Ben-Ami and Y. Tchekhanovets, pp. 645-701. IAA Reports 66. Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem.
Levant//Giv'ati Parking Lot//AD

Asouti, E. and D. Griffiths
2003 Identification of the wood used in the construction of the "Sunken Room" at Sidon. Archaeology & History in Lebanon 18: 62-69.
Lebanon

Austin, P.
2007 The Wood Charcoal. In The Early Prehistory of Wadi Faynan, Southern Jordan: Evaluation of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Site of WF16 and Archaeological Surveys of Wadis Faynan, Guwayr and al Bustan, eds. B. Finlayson and S. Mithen, pp. 408-419. Council for British Research in the Levant, London.
Levant//WF16//PPNA

Baas, J.
1980 Ein bedeutsamer botanischer Fund der Gattung Echium Linné aus Kamid el-Loz. In Bericht über die Ergebnisse in Kamid el-Loz in den Jähren 1968 bis 1970, ed. R. Hachmann. Pp. 111-115. Saarbrucker Beiträge zur Altertumskunde. Bonn.
Lebanon //Kamid el-Loz//Late Bronze//Echium

Baierle, H. U., W. Frey, C. Jagiella and H. Kurschner
1989 Die Brennstoffressourcen in Raum Fenan (Wadi Araba, Jordanien) und die bei der Küpfererzverhuttung verwendeten Brennstoffe. In Old World Archaeometallurgy, eds. A. Hauptmann, E. Pernicka, and G.A. Wagner, pp. 213-222. Deutsche Bergbau-Museum, Bochum.
Jordan //Wadi Feinan//3M//2M//1M//AD

Bar-Yosef, Ofer and Mordechai Kislev
1989 Early Farming Communities in the Jordan Valley.In Foraging and Farming, The Evolution of Plant Exploitation, eds. D.R. Harris and G.C. Hillman, pp. 632-642. Unwin Hyman, London.
survey

Bar-Yosef, Ofer, Ari Gopher, Eitan Tchernov, and Mordechai E. Kislev
1991 Netiv Hagdud: An Early Neolithic Village Site in the Jordan Valley. Journal of Field Archaeology 18: 405-424.
Israel//Netiv Hagdud//PPNA

Baruch, Uri and Nigel Goring-Morris
1997 The Arboreal Vegetation of the Central Negev Highlands, Israel, at the End of the Pleistocene: Evidence from Archaeological Charred Wood Remains. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 6: 249-259.
Israel//Nahal Neqarot//Saflulim//Abu Salem//Ramat Harif//Ma'aleh Ramon East//Epipaleo//12M-9M

Benzaquen, Mordechay and Dafna Langgut
2022 Charcoal remains. In Megiddo VI. The 2010-2014 Seasons, Vol. III, eds. I. Finkelsein and M.A.S. Martin, pp. 1553-1564. Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Monograph series 41.
Israel//Megiddo//1M

Berlin, Andrea M., Terry Ball, Robert Thompson, and Sharon C. Herbert
2003 Ptolemaic Agriculture, "Syrian Wheat", and Triticum aestivum. Journal of Archaeological Science 30: 115-121. [ doi:10.1006/jasc.2002.0812]
Israel//T. Kedesh//1M

Behre, Karl-Ernst
1970 Kulturpflanzenreste aus Kamid el-Loz. In Bericht über die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen in Kamid el-Loz (Libanon) in den Jähren 1966 und 1967, ed. Rolf Hachmann, pp. 59-69. Saarbrucker Beiträge zur Altertumskunde. Bonn.
Lebanon//Kamid-el-Loz//1M

Belli, Chiara, Valentina Caracuta, Mina Weinstein-Evron, Reuven Yeshurun, Elisabetta Boaretto and Dani Nadel
2021 A Late Pleistocene high-resolution paleoclimate reconstruction: insights from the archaeobotanical assemblage and the carbon isotope analysis of wild almond (Amygdalus sp.) from Raqefet Cave, Mount Carmel, Israel. Quaternary Science Reviews 268: 107138.
Israel//Raqefet Cave//Natufian

Benzaquen, Mordechay, Israel Finkelstein and Dafna Langgut
2019 Vegetation history and human impact on the environs of Tel Megiddo in the Bronze and Iron Ages: A dendroarchaeological analysis. Tel Aviv 46: 42-64. [online]
Israel//Megiddo//4M//3M//2M//1M

Benzaquen, Mordechay and Dafna Langgut
2022 Charcoal remains. In Megiddo VI. The 2010-2014 Seasons, Vol. III, eds. I. Finkelsein and M.A.S. Martin, pp. 1553-1564. Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Monograph series 41.
Israel//Megiddo//1M

Bode, Leslie J.K., Alexandra Livarda, and Matthew D. Jones
2021 Plant gathering and people-environment interactions at Epipalaeolotihic Kharaneh IV, Jordan. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-021-00839-w)
Jordan//Kharaneh IV//Epipaleo//18M//17M

Bogaard, Amy, and Michael Charles
1999 Addendum: Summary of Archaeobotanical Work at al-Mudaybi'. In "Al-Karak Resources Project 1997: Excavations at Khirbat al-Mudaybi'," by G. Mattingly et al. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 43: 127-144 [140-143].
Jordan//Khirbat al-Mudaybi'//AD

Borojevic, Ksenija
2006 Archaeobotanical Finds. Chapter 27. In Megiddo IV: the 1998-2002 Seasons, eds. I. Finkelstein, D. Ussishkin and B. Halpern, pp.519-541. Monograph Series of the Institute of Archaeology University of Tel-Aviv No. 24.
Levant//Megiddo//3M//2M//1M

Borojevic, Ksenija
2010 Interpreting, dating, and Reevaluating the Botanical Assemblage from Tell Kedesh: a Case Study of Historical Contamination. Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 829-842. [ doi:10.1016/j.jas.2010.11.005]
Israel//T. Kedesh//1M

Bouchaud, Charlene, Christiane Jacquat, Danièle Martinoli
2017 Landscape use and fruit cultivation in Petra (Jordan) from Early Nabataean to Byzantine times (2nd century BC-5th century AD). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 26: 223-244.
Jordan//Petra//1M//AD

Bouchaud, Charlène, Hervé Monchot, François Villeneuve, Piotr Makowski, and Anaïs Marrast
2018 Agro-pastoral productions and landscape evolution during Antiquity and Islamic periods (AD 1st-12th centuries) at Dharih (Jordan). Journal of Islamic Archaeology 5.1: 39-70.
Jordan//Dharih//AD

Buxo i Capdevila, Ramon
1999 Reflections on Paleobotanical Remains from Hayonim Terrace (Upper Galilee). In Prehistory of Agriculture, New Experimental and Ethnographic Approaches, ed. P.C. Anderson, pp. 153-155. Institute of Archaeology Monograph 40. University of California, Los Angeles.
Israel//Hayonim//Natuf

Cahill, Jane, Karl Reinhard, David Tarler and Peter Warnock
1991 Scientists Examine Remains of Ancient Bathroom. Biblical Archaeology Review 17(3): 64-69.
Israel//1M//Jerusalem

Caracuta, Valentina
2020 Botanical remains. In The Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Site at Nesher- Ramla Quarry (NRQN) Israel, ed. M. Ulman, pp. 169-176. University of Haifa, The Zinman Institute of Archaeology.
Israel//Nesher-Ramla Quarry (NRGN)//9M

Caracuta, Valentina, Mina Weinstein-Evron, Reuven Yeshurun, Daniel Kaufman, Alexander Tsatskin, and Elisabetta Boaretto
2016 Charred wood remains in the Natufian sequence of el-Wad terrace (Israel): New insights into the climatic, environmental and cutural changes at the end of the Pleistocene. Quaternary Science Reviews 1q31: 20-32.
Israel//el-Wad//Natufian

Caracuta, Valentina, Jacob Vardi, Ytzhak Paz, and Elisabetta Boaretto
2017 Farming legumes in the pre-pottery Neolithic: New discoveries from the site of Ahihud (Israel). PLoS ONE 12(5): e0177859.
Israel//Ahihud//9M

Caracuta, Valentina, Ehud Weiss, Edwin C.M. van den Brink, Roy Liran, Jacob Vardi, and Omry Barzilai
2014 From natural environment to human landscape: New archaeobotanical data from the Neolithic site of Nahal Zippori 3, Lower Galilee. Neo-Lithics 1/14: 33-41.
Israel//Nahal Zippori 3//7M//6M//PPNB

Cartwright, C.R.
1994 The Archaeobotanical Remains from the 1993 Season. In J.N. Tubb and P.G. Dorrell (eds.), "Tell es-Sa'idiyeh 1993: Interim Report on the Seventh Season of Excavations." Palestine Exploration Quarterly 126: 66-67.
Jordan//Tell es-Sa'idiyeh//3M

Cartwright, C.R.
1996 Preliminary Report on the Archaeobotanical Material from the 1995 Season of Excavations at Tell es-Sa'idiyeh, Jordan. In J.N. Tubb et al. (eds.), "Interim report on the Eighth (1995) Season of Excavations at Tell es-Sa'idiyeh." Palestine Exploration Quarterly 128: 39-40.
Jordan//Tell es-Sa'idiyeh//3M

Cartwright, C.R.
1997 Interim Report on the Archaeobotanical Remains from the 1996 Season of Excavations of the Early Bronze Age Complex at Tell es-Sa'idiyeh, Jordan. In Tubb et al. (eds.), "Interim Report on the Ninth Season of Excavations at Tell es-Sa'idiyeh, Jordan." Palestine Exploration Quarterly 129: 72-75.
Jordan//Tell es-Sa'idiyeh//3M

Cartwright, C. R. & Clapham, A.
1993 The Archaeobotanical Remains from Tell es-Sa'idiyeh, Jordan. InTubb and P.G. Dorrell (eds.), "Tell es-Sa'idiyeh 1993: Interim Report on the Sixth Season of Excavations." Palestine Exploration Quarterly 125: 73-74.
Jordan//Tell es-Sa'idiyeh//3M//2M//1M

Charles, M.P., and C.F. Hoppe
1997-1998 The Archaeobotanical Remains. In "Mamluk Khirbat Faris," by A.M. McQuitty et al. The Mamluks and the Early Ottoman Period in Bilad al-Sham: History and Archaeology. Aram 9-10:181-226 [194-198, 223-226].
Jordan //Khirbat Faris//AD

Chernoff, Miriam C.
1988 The Archaeobotanical Material from Tel el Ifshar. Ph.D. Dissertation, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts.
Israel//Tel Ifshar//3M//2M

Chernoff, Miriam C.
1992 Natural Resource Use in an Ancient Near East Farming Community. Agricultural History 66: 213-220ff.
Israel//Tell Ifshar//2M//1M

Chernoff, Miriam C., and Samuel M. Paley
1998 Dynamics of Cereal Production at Tell el Ifshar during the Middle Bronze Age. Journal of Field Archaeology 25:397-416.
Israel//Tell el Ifshar//2M

Colledge, Susan M.
1994 In "Prehistoric Environment and Settlement in the Azraq Basin: An Interim Report on the 1987 and 1988 Excavation Seasons," A.N. Garrard et al. Levant 26: 73-109 (100-105).
Jordan//Jilat //PPNB//Neolithic//8M//7M//6M

Colledge, S. (and J. Hather)
1998 Dhuweila: Botanical Remains. The Harra and the Hamad-Excavations and Explorations in Eastern Jordan, vol. 1, by A.V.G. Betts et al., pp. 185-189 + Pls 13, 14. Sheffield Archaeological Monographs 9. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield.
Jordan//Dhuweila//PPNB//Neolithic

Colledge, Susan M.
2001 Plant Exploitation on Epipaleolithic and Early Neolithic Sites in the Levant. BAR International Series 986. Oxford.
Jordan//Wadi Hammeh //Epipaleo//Neolithic//Azraq

Colledge, Sue
2013 Plant Remains an Archaeobotanical Analysis. In Wadi Hammeh 27, an Early Natufian Settlement at Pella in Jordan, ed. P.C. Edwards, pp. 353-365. Brill, Leiden.
Jordan//Wadi Hammeh 27//<11M

Crawford, Patricia
1987 Food for a Roman Legion: The Plant Remains from el-Lejjun. In The Roman Frontier in Central Jordan, Interim Report on the Limes Arabicus Project, 1980-1985, ed. S. Thomas Parker, pp. 691-704. BAR International Series 340 (ii). Oxford.
Jordan //el-Lejjun//Roman

Crawford, Patricia
2006 The Plant Remains. In The Roman Frontier in Central Jordan: Final Report on the Limes Arabicus Project, 1980-1989, edited by S. T. Parker, pp. 453-461. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.
Jordan//T. el-Lejjun//AD//

Crawford, Patricia, Oystein Sakala LaBianca and Robert B. Stewart
1976 The Flotation Remains, A Preliminary Report. In Heshbon 1974, The Fourth Campaign at Tell Hesban, R.S. Boraas and L.T. Geraty, pp. 185-187. Andrews University Monographs Studies in Religion 9. Andrews University Press, Berrien Springs, Michigan.
Jordan//Tell Heshbon//1M//AD

David, Michal, Mordechai Kislev, Yoel Melamed, Erez Ben-Yosef and Ehud Weiss
2022 Plant Remains from Rothenberg's Excavations in Timna: Smelters' Food and Cultic Offerings at the Turn of the First Millennium BCE. Tel Aviv, 49:2, 230-249. DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2022.2102110
Levant//Timnah//2M//1M//AD

De Moulins D.
2009 Sidon: Grain from the storerooms. Archaeology and History of Lebanon 29:11-15.
Lebanon//Sidon//3M

De Moulins, D.
2015 Plant remains from Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age: Samples of the College site, Sidon. Archaeology and History of Lebanon 42/43:32-54.
Lebanon//Sidon//2M//1M

De Moulins D. and A. Marsh
2011 Sidon: Plant remains from the Middle Bronze Age Archaeology and History of Lebanon 34/35: 236-258.
Lebanon//Sidon//2M

de Vartavan, C.
1991 Appendix B. Preliminary Report on the Plant Remains from Sataf. Levant 23: 50-52.
Israel//Sataf//4M//3M

Deckers, Katleen
2019 Charcoal analysis results from Middle and Late Bronze Age contexts at Tell el-Burak. In "Tell el-Burak I, The Middle Bronze Age,+ eds. J. Kamlah and H. Sader, pp. 369-378. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Lebanon//T. el-Burak//2M

Dollfus, G., Z. Kafifi, J. Rewerski, N. Vaillant, E. Coqueugniot, J. Desse, and R. Neef
1988 Abu Hamid, An Early Fourth Millennium Site in the Jordan Valley, Preliminary Results. In The Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, eds. A.N. Garrard and H.G. Gebel,pp. 567-601. BAR International Series 396, Oxford.
Jordan//Abu Hamid//5M

Edwards, P. C., S.J. Bourke, S.J., S.M. Colledge, J. Head, P.G. Macumber
1988 Late Pleistocene Prehistory in Wadi al-Hammeh, Jordan Valley. In The Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, eds. A. N. Garrard and H.G. Gebel, pp. 525-565. BAR International Series 396, Oxford.
Jordan//Wadi Hammeh 27//Epipaleolithic

Edwards, Philip C., John Meadows, Ghattas Sayej, and Michael Westaway
2004 From the PPNA to the PPNB: New Views from the Southern Levant after Excavations at Zahrat adh-Dhra' 2 in Jordan. Paléorient 30/2: 21-60. [archaeobotanical section: 38-43]
Jordan//Zahrat adh-Dhra'//10M//9M

Engel, T.
1992 Nouvelles recherches sur des charbons de bois du Chalcolithique, de l'âge de Bronze et de l'âge du Fer de Fenan/Wadi Araba, Jordanie. In Les charbons de bois, les anciens écosystèmes et le rôle de l'homme, ed. J.-L. Vernet. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 139, Actualités botaniques 2/3/4: 553-563.
Jordan//Fenan //4M//3M//2M//1M

Engel, T.
1992 Charcoal Remains from an Iron Age Copper Smelting Slag Heap at Feinan, Wadi Arabah (Jordan). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2: 205-211.
Jordan//Fenan //1M

Erlanson, C.O.
1962 Botanical Specimens. In The Ancient Agriculture Regime of Nessana and the Central Negeb, p. 258. London.
Levant//Nessana

Fall, Patricia L., Steven E. Falconer, and JoAnna Klinge
2015 Bronze age fuel use and its implications for agrarian landscapes in the eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 4: 182-191.
Levant//Zahrat adh-Dhra//T. el-Hayyat//T. Abu en-Ni'aj//3M//2M

Fall, Patricia L., Steven E. Falconer, and Steven Porson
2019 Archaeological inference of intermittent settlement and agriculture at Middle Bronze Age Zahrat adh-Dhra' 1, Jordan. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 26: 101884.
Jordan// Zahrat adh-Dhra'1//T. el-Hayyat//3M//2M

Farahani, Alan, Benjamin W. Porter, Hanna Huynh, and Bruce Routledge
2016 Crop storage and animal husbandry at Early Iron Age Khirbat al-Mudayna al-'Aliya (Jordan): A paleoethnobotnical approach. In The Archaeology of Agro-Pastoralist Economies in Jordan, ed. K.M. McGeough, pp. 27-88. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 69.
Jordan//Khirbat al-Mudayna al-'Aliya //1M

Fatkin, Danielle Steen, Katherine Adelsberger, Alan Farahani, Alysia Fischer, Sarah Whitcher Kansa, Justin Lev-Tov, Colleen Morgan, Benjamin W. Porter, Bruce E. Routledge, and Andrew T. Wilson
2011 Digging Deeper: Technical Reports from the Dhiban Excavation and Development Project. Archaeological Research Facility Field Reports. University of California, Berkeley. (Online)
Jordan//T. Dhiban//3M//2M//1M

Feinbrunn, Naomi
1938 New Data on Some Cultivated Plants and Weeds of Early Bronze Age in Palestine. Palestine Journal of Botany, Jerusalem Series 1: 238-240. Israel//Beit Shan //3M

Fischer, P. and Tim Holden
2006 Chapter 6: Climate, Fauna and Flora: An Overview. In Tell Abu al-Kharaz in the Jordan Valley. Volume II: The Middle and Late Bronze Ages, by P.M. Fischer, pp. 305-320. Verlag der Österreichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien.
Jordan//T. Abu al-Kharaz//3M//2M//1M

Fish, Suzanne K.
1989 Appendix B. The Beidha Pollen Record. In The Natufian Encampment at Beidha, Late Pleistocene Adaptation in the Southern Levant, Brian F. Byrd, pp. 91-96. Jutland Archaeological Society Publications 23(1). Jutland Archaeological Society, Aarhus.
Jordan//Beidha//Natufian

Forste, Kathleen M.
2021 An intrasite analysis of agricultural economy at Early Islamic Caesarea Maritima, Israel. Ethnobiology Letters 12 (1). (https://doi.org/10.14237/ebl.12.1.2021.1718)
Israel//Caesarea Maritima//AD

Forste, Kathleen M., John M. Marston, and Tracy Hoffman
2022 Urban agricultural economy of the Early Islamic southern Levant: a case study of Ashkelon. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 31: 623-642.
Levant//Ashkelon//AD

Frey, W., E. Gerlach, and H. Kurschner
1991 Neolithische Holzkohlen aus dem Tell Wadi Fenan (Wadi Arabah, Jordanien) und ihre Interpretation. In Contributiones Selectae ad Floram et Vegetationem Orientis, eds. T. Engel, W. Frey, and H. Kurschner. Flora et Vegetatio Mundi 9: 121-132. Cramer, Stuttgart.
Jordan //Fenan//Neolithic

Frumin, Suembikya, Yoel Melamed, Aren M. Maeir, Haskel J. Greenfield, and Ehud Weiss
2021 Agricultural subsistence, land use and long-distance mobility within the Early Bronze Age southern Levant: Archaeobotanical evidence from the urban site of Tell es-Safi/Gath. Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 37, June 2021, 102873. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102873)
Levant//T. es-Safi/Gath//3M

Galili, E., D. Cvikel, J. Benjamin, D. Langgut, J. McCarthy, M. Cavanagh, Y. Sapir, M. Weinstein-Evron, S. Chaim, B. Rosen, and L. Kolska Horwitz
2018 The archaeology and paleoenvironment of the submerged Pottery Neolithic settlement of Kfar Samir (Israel). Paléorient 44.2: 133-132.
Israel//Kfar Samir//6M//5M

Galili, E., I. Hershkowitz, A. Gopher, M. Weinstein-Evron, O. Lernau, M. Kislev and L. Horwitz
1993 Atlit-Yam: A Prehistoric Site on the Sea Floor of the Israeli Coast. Journal of Field Archaeology 20: 133-157.
Israel//Atlit-Yam//7M

Galili, Ehud, Daniel Jean Stanley, Jacob Sharvit, Mina Weinstein-Evron
1997 Evidence for Earliest Olive-Oil Production in Submerged Settlements off the Carmel Coast, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science 24: 1141-1150. [ doi:10.1006/jasc.1997.0193]
Israel//Kfar Samir//7M

Galili, Ehud, Mina Weinstein-Evron, and Daniel Zohary
1989 Appearance of Olives in Submerged Neolithic Sites along the Carmel Coast. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society (Mitekufat Haeven) 22: 95-97.
Israel//Neolithic//7M//Olea europaea

Garfinkel, Y., M.E. Kislev, and D. Zohary
1988 Lentil in the Pre-pottery Neolithic B Yiftah'el: Additional Evidence of its Early Domestication. Israel Journal of Botany 37: 49-51.
Israel//Yiftah'el//PPNB

Garrard, Andrew N., Alison Betts, Brian Byrd, Susan Colledge, Christopher Hunt
1988 Summary of Palaeoenvironmental and Prehistoric Investigations in the Azraq Basin. InThe Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, eds. A.N. Garrard and H.G. Gebel, pp. 311-337. BAR International Series 396, Oxford.
Jordan//Azraq

Garrard, A. N., S. Colledge, S., C. Hunt, C., and R. Montague
1988 Environment and Subsistence during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in the Azraq Basin. Paléorient 14(2): 40-49.
Jordan//Epipaleo

Gilliland, Dennis
1986 Paleoethnobotany and Paleoenvironment. In Hesban 2: Environmental Foundations, eds. O.S. LaBianca and Larry Lacelle. Pp. 123-12. Andrews University Press, Berrien Springs, Michigan.
Jordan//Tell Hesban//1M//AD

Giorgi, J.
1999 Plant Remains from the Sediments of the Inner Harbour (Area I14). In Caesarea Papers II, eds. K.G.Hollum, A. Raban, and J. Patrich, pp. 353-356. Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series 35. Portsmouth, Rhode Island.
Levant//Caesarea//1M//AD

Gophna, R. and M. Kislev
1979 Tel Saf (1977-1978). Revue Biblique 86: 112-114.
Israel//T. Saf//T. Tsaf

Goren-Inbar, Naama, Gonen Sharon, Yoel Melamed, and Mordechai Kislev
2002 Nuts, nut cracking, and pitted stones at Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99: 2455-2460. (text on-line at www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.032570499)
Israel //Gesher Benot Ya'aqov//Acheulian

Goring-Morris, Nigel, Uri Baruch, Anna Belfer-Cohen, and Steve Rosen
1998 Epipalaeolithic occupation in Nahal Neqarot Rockshelter, Negev, Israel: Radiocarbon dating and identification of charred wood remains. Geoarchaeology 13: 219-232.
Israel//Nahal Neqarot//Epipaleo

Graham, Philip
2014 Archaeobotanical remains from late 6th/early 5th Millennium BC Tel Tsaf, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science. [available online, Jan. 4, 2014]
Levant//T. Tsaf//T. Saf//6M//5M

Hald, Mette Marie
2005 The Shkarat Msaied plant remains: Preliminary observations. In The Excavations at Shkarat Msaied, 1999-2004, by C.H. Jensen, B.D. Hermansen, M. Kinzel, M.M. Hald, P. Bangsgaard, M. Bille Petersen, N. Lynnerup, N., and I. Thuesen. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 49: 115-134. [online version]
Jordan//Shkarat Msaied//PPNB//7M

Hartmann-Shenkman, Mordechai E. Kislev, Ehud Galili, Yoel Malamud, and Ehud Weiss
2015 Invading a new niche: obligatory weeds at Neolithic Atlit-Yam, Israel. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 24: 9-18.
Israel//Atlit-Yam//8M//7M//PPNC

Helbaek, Hans
1958 Plant economy in ancient Lachish. In Lachish IV: The Bronze Age, by Olga Tufnell, pp. 309-317, Appendix A. Oxford University Press, London.
Israel //Lachish//Bronze Age

Helbaek, Hans
1966 Pre-Pottery Neolithic Farming at Beidha. Palestine Exploration Quarterly 98: 61-66.
Jordan //Beidha//Neolithic

Henry, Donald O., J. Joel White, Joseph E. Beaver, Seiji Kadowaki, April Nowell, Carlos Cordova, Rebecca M. Dean, Heidi Ekstrom, Joy McCorriston, and Linda Scott-Cummings
2003 The Early Neolithic Site of Ayn Abu Nukhayla, Southern Jordan. Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 330: 1-30.
Jordan//Ayn Abu Nukhayla//7M

Hopf, Maria
1969 Plant Remains and Early Farming at Jericho. In Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals, eds. P.J. Ucko and G.W. Dimbleby, pp. 355-359. Aldine, Chicago.
Jordan //Jericho//Epipaleo//Neolithic

Hopf, Maria
1978 Plant remains, Strata V-I. In Early Arad, R. Amiran. Pp. 64-82. Israel Exploration Society, Jerusalem.
Israel//Arad

Hopf, Maria
1983 Jericho plant remains. In Excavations at Jericho, eds. K.M. Kenyon and T.A. Holland, pp. 576-621. British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, London.
Jordan//Jericho //Neolithic

Hopf, Maria and Ofer Bar-Yosef
1987 Plant remains from Hayonim Cave, western Galilee. Paléorient 13(1): 117-120.
Israel//Hayonim //Epipaleo

Jacquat, Christine and Danièle Martinoli
1999 Vitis vinifera L.: Wild or cultivated? Study of grape pips found at Petra, Jordan; 150 B.C.-A.D. 40. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 8: 25-30.
Jordan//Petra//1M//AD//Vitis

Kennedy, A.
2007 The plant macro-fossils. In The Early Prehistory of Wadi Faynan, Southern Jordan: Evaluation of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Site of WF16 and Archaeological Surveys of Wadis Faynan, Guwayr and al Bustan, eds. B. Finlayson and S. Mithen, pp. 420-428. Council for British Research in the Levant, London.
Jordan//WF16//PPNA

Karg, S.
1996 XII. Pflanzenreste aus den nabatäischen und spätrömischen Schichten. InPetra Ez Zantur 1. Ergebnisse der Schweizerisch-Lichtensteinischen Ausgrabungen 1988-1992, by B. Kolb, S. Schmid and R. Stucky, pp. 355-357; 997-1000; 394-407. Mainz.
Jordan//Petra//1M

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1980 Conténu d'un silo a blé de l'époque du fer ancien. In Tell Keisan (1971-1976), une cité phénicienne en Galilee, J. Briend and J.-B. Humbert, pp. 361-379. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, Series Archaeologica 1.
Israel//Tell Keisan//1M

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1985 Early Neolithic Horsebean from Yiftah'el, Israel. Science 228:319-320.
Israel//Yiftah'el////Neolithic Vicia faba

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1986 A Barley Store of the Bar-Kochba Rebels (Roman Period). Israel Journal of Botany 35:183-196.
Abi'or Cave//135 C.E.//Hordeum vulgare

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1987 Chalcolithic Plant Husbandry and Ancient Vegetation at Shiqmim. In Shiqmim I, Studies Concerning Chalcolithic Societies in the Northern Negev Desert, Israel (1982-1984), ed. Thomas E. Levy, pp. 251-279; 548-563. BAR International Series 356, Oxford.
Israel //Shiqmim//Chalco

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1988 Nahal Hemar Cave, Desiccated Plant Remains: An Interim Report. 'Atiqot 18:76-81.
Israel//Nahal Hemar//PPNB//Neolithic

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1989 Multiformity in Barley from an Iron Age Store in Sinai. Archäobotanik. Dissertationes Botanicae 133: 67-80.
Kadesh Barnea//1M//Hordeum

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1992 Vegetal Food of Bar Kokhba Revels at Abi'or Cave near Jericho. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 73: 153-160.
Abi'or Cave//135 C.E.

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1993 Food Remains. In Shiloh: The Archaeology of a Biblical Site, eds. I. Finkelstein, S. Bunimovich, and Z. Lederman, pp. 354-361. Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.
Levant//Shiloh//1M

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1994-5 Wild Olive Stones at Submerged Chalcolithic Kfar Samir, Haifa, Israel. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society 26: 134-145.
Israel//Kfar Samir//4M//Olea europaea

Kislev, Mordechai E.
1997 Early Agriculture and Paleoecology of Netiv Hagdud. In An Early Neolithic Village in the Jordan Valley Part I: The Archaeology of Netiv Hagdud, ed. O. Bar-Yosef and A. Gopher, pp. 210-236. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge.
Israel//Netiv Hagdud//9M

Kislev, Mordechai
1998 The Relative Impact of Pig Husbandry versus Goat Browsing on Ancient Oak Forests in Israel. In Villages, Terraces, and Stone Mounds, Excavations at Manahat, Jerusalem, 1987-1989 (The Rephaim Valley Project), by G. Edelstein, I. Milevski, and S. Aurant, pp. 113-118. Israel Antiquities Authority Reports 3. Jerusalem.
Manahat//2M

Kislev, M. E.
2003 The Botanical Remains: A Clue to Dating the Season of the Ship's Voyage. In The Ma'agan Michael Ship: The Recovery of a 2400-year-old Merchantman. Vol. 1, eds. E. Linder and Y. Kahanov. Israel Exploration Society and University of Haifa, p. 244.
Israel// Ma'agan Michael//1M

Kislev, M.E.
2010 Cereal Grains from a Pit (Chapter 27). In Deir el-Balah: Excavations in 1977-1982 in the Cemetery and Settlement. Vol. II: The Finds, eds. T. Dothan and B. Brandl. Qedem 50: 307-308.
Levant//Deir el-Balah

Kislev, Mordechai E.
2015 Infested stored crops in the Iron Age I granary at Tel Hadar. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 62: 86-97.
Levant/T. Hadar//1M

Kislev, M.E., M. Artzy and E. Marcus
1993 Import of an Aegean Food Plant to a Middle Bronze IIA Coastal Site in Israel. Levant 25: 145-154.
Israel//Tel Nami//2M//Lathyrus clymenum

Kislev, Mordechai and Ofer Bar-Yosef
1988 The Legumes: The Earliest Domesticated Plants in the Near East? Current Anthropology 29:175-179.
Israel//Fabaceae

Kislev, Mordechai E., Ofer Bar-Yosef and Avi Gopher
1986 Early Neolithic Domesticated and Wild Barley from the Netiv Hagdud Region in the Jordan Valley. Israel Journal of Botany 35: 197-201.
Israel //Netiv Hagdud//Neolithic//Hordeum

Kislev, Mordechai and Anat Hartman
2012 Food Crops from Nahal Zehora II. In Village Communities of the Pottery Neolithic Period in the Menashe Hills, Israel, Archaeological Investigations at the Sites of Nahal Zehora, by Avi Gopher, pp. 1321-1326. Insitute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.
Levant//Nahal Zehora II//7M

Kislev, M.E., A. Hartmann, and T. Noy
2010 The vegetal subsistence of Gilgal I as reflected in the assemblage of Locus 11. In Gilgal: Early Neolithic Occupations in the Lower Jordan Valley: the Excavations of Tamar Noy, eds. O. Bar-Yosef, A.N. Goring-Morris and A. Gopher, pp. 251-257. Oxford and Oakville, Oxbow Books.
Levant//Gilgal//8M

Kislev, Mordechai E., Anat Harmann, Ofer Bar-Yosef
2006 Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley. Science 312: 1372-1374.
Levant//Gilgal//11M

Kislev, Mordechai, Anat Hartmann, and Ehud Galili
2004 Archaeobotanical and Archaeoentomological Evidence from a Well at Atlit-Yam Indicates Colder, More Humid Climate on the Israeli Coast during the PPNC Period. Journal of Archaeological Science 31(9):1301-1310. [ doi:10.1016/j.jas.2004.02.010]
Levant//Atlit-Yam//6M

Kislev, Mordechai and Maria Hopf
1985 Food Remains from Tell Qasile, with Special Reference to Lathyrus sativus/ cicera. In Excavations at Tell Qasile, part 2, A. Mazar. Qedem 20: 140-147.
Israel//Tell Qasile

Kislev, Mordechai and Efraim Lev
2019 Dietary and health issues of the inhabitants of the Middle Paleolithic Kebara Cave. In Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel. The Middle and Upper Paleolithic Archaeology Part II, eds. L. Meignen and O. Bar-Yosef, pp. 149-164. American School of Prehistoric Research Bulletin 51, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University. Cambridge MA.
Israel//Kebara Cave//Middle Paleolithic

Kislev, Mordechai E. and Yael Mahler-Slasky
2009 Food Remains. In Aphek-Antipatris II. The Remains on the Acropolis, by Y. Gadot and E. Yadin, pp. 499-525. Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University.
Levant//T. Aphek//2M//1M

Kislev, M. E. and M. Marmorstein
2003 Cereals and Fruit from a Collapsed Cave south of Khirbet Qumran. Israel Exploration Journal 53: 74-77.
Levant//Khirbet Qumran

Kislev, M.E. and M. Marmorstein
2004 Seed and Fruit Remains from Horvat Raqit. In Raqit: Marinus' Estate on the Carmel, Israel, ed. : S. Dar, pp. 299-302. Bar International Series 1300. Oxford.
Levant// Horvat Raqit

Kislev, M.E., and Y. Melamed
2000 Ancient Infested Wheat and Horsebean from Horbat Rosh Zayit. In Horbat Rosh Zayit, An Iron Age Storage Fort and Village, by Z. Gal and Y. Alexandre, pp. 206-220. Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem.
Levant//Horbat Rosh Zayit//1M

Kislev, Mordechai and Yoel Melamed
2002 The Burnt Plants. In Kissufim Road, A Chalcolithic Mortuary Site, by Y. Goren and P. Fabian. Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem.
Levant//Kissufim Road//4M?

Kislev, Mordechai E., Yoel Melamed, and Yakov Langsam
2006 Plant Remains from Tel Batash. In Timnah (Tel Batash) III: The Finds from the Second Millennium BCE, eds. N. Panitz-Cohen and A. Mazar. Qedem 45: 295-310.
Levant//Timnah//2M

Kislev, M.E., D. Nadel and J. Carmi
1992 Epipaleolithic (19,000) Cereal and Fruit Diet at Ohalo II, Sea of Galilee, Israel. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 73: 161-166.
Israel//Ohalo II//17M

Kislev, M.E., O. Simchoni, and Y. Melamed
2006 Plant Remains. In Gesher: a Pre-pottery Neolithic A Site in the Central Jordan Valley, Israel, Final Report, eds. Y. Garfinkel and D. Dag, pp.187-191. ex Oriente, Berlin.
Levant//Gesher//9M//PPNA

Kislev, M.E., O. Simchoni, Y. Melamed, Y. and L. Maroz
2009 Botanical Remains: Food and Industrial Crops. In Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996, Volume III. The 13th-11th century BCE Strata in Areas N and S, eds. N. Panitz-Cohen and A. Mazar, pp. 764-771. The Israel Exploration Society, and the Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Levant//Beth Shean//2M

Langgut, Dafna, Kathryn Gleason, and Barbara Burrell
2015 Pollen analysis as evidence for Herod's Royal Garden at the Promontory Palace, Caesarea. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences [Online January, 2015] DOI:10.1080/07929978.2014.975560
Israel//Caesarea//Herod's Palace//1M//pollen

Langgut, Dafna, Yotam Tepper, Mordechay Benzaquen, Tali Erickson-Gini, and Guy Bar-Oz
2021 Environment and horticulture in the Byzantine Negev Desert, Israel: sustainability, prosperity and enigmatic decline. Quaternary International 593-594: 160-177. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.08.056).
Levant//Shivta//AD

Lev, E., M.E. Kislev, and O. Bar-Yosef
2005 Mousterian Vegetal Food in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel. Journal of Archaeological Science 32: 475-484. [doi:10.1016/j.jas.2004.11.006]
Levant//Kebara Cave//Middle Paleolithic

Lev-Yadun, Simcha
1992 The Origin of the Cedar Beams from Al-Aqsa Mosque: Botanical, Historical and Archaeological Evidence. Levant 24: 200-208.
Jerusalem//Medieval//Cedrus libani

Liphschitz, N.
1986/87 Palaeobotanical Remains from Mount Ebal. Tel Aviv 13-14: 190-191.
Levant//Mount Ebal//1M

Liphschitz, Nili
1989 Plant Economy and Diet in the Early Bronze Age in Israel: A Summary of Present Research. In L'urbanisation de la Palestine a l'age du Bronze ancien, ed. P. de Miroschedji, pp. 269-277. BAR International Series 527 (ii), Oxford.
Israel

Liphschitz, N.
1993 Palaeobotanical Remains. In Shiloh, the Archaeology of a Biblical Site, pp. 351-353. Tel Aviv.
Israel//Shiloh//2M//1M

Liphschitz N.
1994 Wood Remains. In Masada IV: The Yigael Yadin Excavations 1963-1965 Final Reports, eds. J. Aviram, G. Foerster and E. Netzer, pp. 319-346. Jerusalem.
Levant//Masada//1M

Liphschitz N.
1995 The Ecology of 'En Besor Oasis: The Archaeobotanical Remains from the 4th Millennium BC. In Excavations at 'En Besor, by R. Gophna, pp. 229-233. Tel Aviv.
Levant//'En Besor Oasis//4M

Liphschitz N.
1996 Analysis of Botanical Remains from Tel Dalit. In Excavations at Tel Dalit: An Early Bronze Age Walled Town in Central Israel, by R. Gophna. pp. 186-192. Tel Aviv.
Levant//T. Dalit//3M

Liphschitz, N.
1996 The Vegetational Landscape of the Negev during Antiquity as Evident from Archaeological Wood Remains. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 44: 161-179.
Israel//Negev//4M//3M//2M//1M//AD

Liphschitz, N.
1996 Archaeobotanical Investigations. In The Nahal Qanah Cave, by A. Gopher and T. Tsuk, pp. 202-204. Institute of Archaeology Monograph 12, Tel Aviv.
Levant//Nahal Qanah Cave//6M//5M

Liphschitz, N.
1997 Wood Remains from Two PPNB Sites: Horvat Galil and Nahal Beset. Tel Aviv 24: 237-239.
Israel//Horvat Galil//Nahal Beset//PPNB

Liphschitz, Nili
1998 Timber Analysis of Household Objects in Israel: A Comparative Study. Israel Exploration Journal 48: 77-90.
Levant//2M//1M

Liphschitz N.
2000 Archaeobotanical Remains. In Aphek-Antipatris I: Excavations of Areas A and B: The 1972-1976 Seasons, by M. Kochavi. pp. 315-320, Monograph Series of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University 19. Tel Aviv.
Levant//Aphek//2M//1M

Liphschitz, N.
2001 Archaeobotanical Remains from 'Uvda Valley Site 917. 'Atiqot 42: 129-131.
Israel//'Uvda Valley site 917//3M//2M

Liphschitz N.
2004 Archaeobotanical Remains from Ashqelon, Afridar. 'Atiqot 45:305-310.
Levant//Ashkelon//1M

Liphschitz, Nili
2009 Dendroarchaeological Excavations: H. Shallale, Mt. Carmel. In Shallale, Ancient City of the Carmel, by D. Shimon, p. 317. BAR International Series 1897.
Levant//Shallale//2M

Liphschitz, Nili
2010 Wood remains from Gilgal I and Gilgal II. In Gilgal: Early Neolithic Occupations in the Lower Jordan Valley: The Excavations of Tamar Noy, eds. O. Bar-Yosef, A. N. Goring-Morris, pp. 259-262. Oxbow Books, Oxford.
Levant//Gilgal//9M//8M

Liphschitz, Nili
2012 Botanical Analysis of Wood Remains from Nahal Zehora II. In Village Communities of the Pottery Neolithic Period in the Menashe Hills, Israel, Archaeological Investigations at the Sites of Nahal Zehora, by Avi Gopher, pp. 1327-1332. Insitute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.
Levant//Nahal Zehora II//7M

Liphschitz, Nili
2012 The Archaeobotanical Finds. In Horvat Mesad, a Way-station on the Jaffa- Jerusalem Road, by Moshe Fischer, pp. 255-257. Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.
Levant//Horvat Mesad//1M//AD

Liphschitz, Nili
2015 Archaeobotanical Remains. In Tel Malhata, A Central City in the Biblical Negev, vol. II. by Beit-Arieh, Itzhaq and Liora Freud, pp. 709-713. Eisenbrauns, Winona Laka, Indiana.
Levant//T. Malhata//2M//1M

Liphschitz, Nili
2016 Archaeobotanical remains. In Tell Beth-Shemesh, a Border Community in Judah, Renewed Excacavations 1990-2000: The Iron Age, vol. II, by S. Bunimovitz and Z. Lederman, pp. 665-674. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.
Israel//T. Beth-Shemesh//2M//1M

Liphschitz, Nili
2016 Archaeobotanical remains. In Beer-Sheba III, The Early Iron IIA Enclosed Settlement and the Late Iron IIA-Iron IIB Cities, vol. III, by Z. Herzog and L. Singer-Avitz, pp. 1410-1424. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.
Israel// Beer-Sheba III//1M//

Liphschitz, Nili
2022 Seeds from the 2010 season. InMegiddo VI. The 2010-2014 Seasons, Vol. III, eds. I. Finkelsein and M.A.S. Martin, pp. 1565-1569. Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Monograph series 41.
Israel//Megiddo//1M

Liphschitz, Nili and Gideon Biger
1991 Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) in Israel during Antiquity. Israel Exploration Journal 41: 167-175.
Israel//Cedrus libani

Liphschitz, Nili and Georges Bonani
2001 Wild and Cultivated Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) from Qumran Cave 24. Tel Aviv 28: 305-309.
Levant// Qumran Cave 24//3M//1M//AD

Liphschitz, Nili, Ram Gophna, Georges Bonani, and Amir Feldstein
1996 Wild Olive (Olea europaea) Stones from a Chalcolithic Cave at Shoham, Israel and Their Implications. Tel Aviv 23: 135-142.
Israel//Shoham Cave//4M

Liphschitz, N. and S. Lev-Yadun
1989 The Botanical Remains from Masada: Identification of the Plant Species and the Possible Origin of the Remnants. Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 274: 27-32.
Israel//Masada

Liphschitz, N., S. Lev-Yadun, and Y. Waisel
1981 Dendroarchaeological Investigations in Israel (Masada). Israel Exploration Journal 31:230-234.
Israel//Masada//1M//timber

Liphschitz, N. and D. Nadel
1997 Charred Wood Remains from Ohalo II (19,000 B.P.), Sea of Galilee, Israel. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society 27: 5-18.
Israel//Ohalo II//Paleo

Liphschitz, Nili and Tamar Noy
1991 Vegetational Landscape and the Macroclimate of the Gilgal Region during the Natufian and Pre-Pottery Neolithic A. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society 24: 59-63.
Israel//Gilgal//Natuf//PPNA

Liphschitz, N. and Yoav Waisel
1973 Analysis of the Botanical Material of the 1969-1970 Seasons and the Climatic History of the Beer-Sheba Region. In Beer-Sheba I, Excavations at Tel Beer-Sheba, 1969-1971 Seasons, ed. Y. Aharoni. Pp. 97-105. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology.
Israel//Beersheba (Horvat Beter)//1 M//1 M AD

Liphschitz, N. and Y. Waisel
1976 Dendroarchaeological investigations in Israel (St. Catherine's Monastery in Southern Sinai). Israel Exploration Journal 26:39-44.
Israel//St. Catherine's Monastery//AD

Liphschitz, N. and Y. Waisel
1977 Dendroarchaeological investigations in Israel: Central Negev-Nahal Zin. In Prehistory and Paleoenvironments in the Central Negev, Israel, vol. II, ed. A. Marks, pp.355-356. Institute for the Study of Earth and Man, Southern Methodist University.
Israel//Boker Tachtit//Avdat-Aqev//Paleo//timber

Liphschitz N. and Y. Waisel
1980 Dendroarchaeological Investigations in Israel (Taanach). Israel Exploration Journal 30:132-136.
Levant//Taanach//1M

Liphschitz, Nili, Yoav Waisel, Abraham Fahn, Ella Werker, and Uri Baruch
1992 Macrobotanical Remains. (3 sections including seeds and wood.) In Excavations at the City of David 1978-1985 Directed by Yigal Shiloh. Vol. III. Stratigraphic, Environmental, and Other Reports.," eds. A. de Groot and D.T. Ariel. Qedem 33: 105-121. Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
City of David//2M//1M

Liphschitz, Nili, Yoav Waisel, and Maria Hopf
1998 Analysis of Charred Wood Samples and Seeds from Chalcolithic Sites in the Golan. In The Chalcolithic Culture of the Golan, by Claire Epstein, pp. 339-340. Israel Antiquities Authority.
Golan//Chalco

Madella, Marco, Martin K. Jones, Paul Goldberg, Yuval Goren, and Erella Hovers
2002 The Exploitation of Plant Resources by Neanderthals in Amud Cave (Israel): The Evidence from Phytolith Studies. Journal of Archaeological Science 29: 703-719. [ doi:10.1006/jasc.2001.0743]
Levant//Amud Cave//Middle Paleolithic//phyto

Mahler-Slasky, Y. and M.E. Kislev
2012 Preliminary archaeobotanical research at Tell es-Safi/Gath - the 1997-2002 seasons. In Tell es-Safi/Gath I: The 1996-2005 Seasons, ed. A. M. Maeir. Ägypten und Altes Testament 69: 579-587.
Israel//Tell es-Safi

Marston, John M. and Kathleen J. Birney
2022 Hellenistic agricultural economies at Ashkelon, Southern Levant. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 31: 221-245.
Israel//Ashkelon//1M

McCorriston, Joy and Heidi Ekstrom
2014 Archaeobotanical Finds from Ayn Abu Nukhayla. In The Sands of Time. The Desert Neolithic Settlement of Ayn Abu Nukhayla, eds. D.O. Henry and J. E. Beaver, pp. 139-143. Bibliotheca Neolithica Asiae Meridionalis et Occidentalis. ex Oriente, Berlin.
Jordan//Ayn Abu Nukhayla//8M

McCreery, D.
1980 The Nature and Cultural Implications of Early Bronze Age Agriculture in the Southern Ghor of Jordan - An Archaeological Reconstruction. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
Jordan//Early Bronze Age

McCreery, David
1979 Flotation of the Bab edh-dhra' and Numeira Plant Remains. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46: 165-169.
Jordan//Bab edh-dhra'//Numeira

McCreery, David
1981 Flotation of the Bab edh-Dhra and Numeira Plant Remains. In The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition. An Interim Report of the 1977 Season, eds. W.E. Rast and R.T. Schaub, pp. 165-169. The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46. Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Jordan//Bab edh-Dhra//Numeira//3M?

McCreery, David W.
1983 Ancient Plant Remains. In The Excavations at Araq el-Emir. Vol. 1, by Nancy L. Lapp, pp. 103-104. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 47. Ann Arbor.
Jordan//Araq el-Emir2M//1M//AD

McCreery, David W.
2003 The Paleoethnobotany of Bab edh-Dhra'. In Bab edh-Dhra': Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981). Part 1: Text, eds. W.E. Rast and R.T. Schaub, pp. 449-463. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.
Jordan// Bab edh-Dhra'//3M

Melamed, Yoel
1996 Dry and Charred Grains from 'Afula-a Taphonomic Approach. 'Atiqot 30:69-70.
Levant//'Afula//3M//2M

Melamed Y.
2013 Botanical remains of the excavation on the Southern Beach of Ashdod. 'Atiqot 74:127-131.
Israel//Ashdod//2M

Melamed, Yoel, Mordechai E. Kislev, Eli Geffen, Simcha Lev-Yadun, and Naama Goren-Inbard
2016 The plant component of an Acheulian diet at Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel. PNAS 113 (51): 14674-14679.
Israel//Gesher Benot Ya'aqov//780M (!)

Mithen, Steven, Phil Austen, Amanda Kennedy, Helen Emberson, Neil Lancaster, and Bill Finlayson
2007 Early Neolithic Woodland Composition and Exploitation in the Southern Levant: a Comparison between Archaeobotanical Remains from WF16 and Present-day Woodland at Hammam Adethni. Environmental Archaeology 12: 49-70.
Levant//WF16//PPNA

Muheisen, M. S., H.G. Gebel, H.G., C. Hanns, and R. Neef
1988 'Ain Ruhab, a New Final Natufian and Yarnmoukian Site Near Irbid. In The Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, eds. A.N. Garrard and H.G. Gebel. Pp. 472-502. BAR International Series 396, Oxford.
Jordan//'Ain Ruhab

Nadel D., Danin A., Power R.C., Rosen A.M., Bocquentin F., Tsatskin A., Rosenberg D., Yeshurun R., Weissbrod L., Rebollo N., Barzilai O., Boaretto E.
2013 Earliest floral grave lining from 13,700-11,700-yr-old Natufian burials at Raqefet Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 110(29): 11774-11778.
Levant//Raqefat Cave//Natufian//plant impressions//phytolith

Nadel, D. and E. Werker
1999 The oldest ever brush hut plant remains from Ohalo II, Jordan Valley, Israel (19,000 BP) Antiquity 73:755-764.
Levant//Ohalo II//Upper Paleo

Neef, Reinder
1987 Botanical Remains. In Udruh - Caravan City and Desert Oasis. A Guide to Udruh and Its Surroundings, ed. A. Killick. Romsey.
Jordan //Udruh//Iron Age

Neef, Reinder
1988 La couverture végétale et l'exploitation de l'environnement au 4e millénaire. In Abu Hamid, Village du 4e millénaire de la vallée du Jourdain. Pp. 18-19. Centre Culturel Français et Département des Antiquités du Jordanie, Amman.
Jordan//Abu Hamid//4M

Neef, Reinder
1988 Les activités agricoles et horticoles. In Abu Hamid, Village du 4e millénaire de la vallée du Jourdain, pp. 29-30. Centre Culturel Français et Département des Antiquités de Jordanie, Amman.
Jordan//Abu Hamid//4M

Neef, Reinder
1989 Plants. In Picking up the Threads, A Continuing Review of Excavations at Deir Alla, Jordan, eds. G. van der Kooij and M.M. Ibrahim, pp. 30-37. University of Leiden Archaeological Centre, Leiden.
Jordan//Deir 'Alla //2M

Neef, Reinder
1989/90 Planten. In Een Verhaal voor het Oprapen, Opgravingen te Deir Alla in de Jordaan Vallei, pp. 30-37. Rijksmuseum van Oudheden.
Jordan //Deir Alla//Iron Age

Neef, R.
1990 Introduction, Development and Environmental Implications of Olive Culture: The Evidence from Jordan. In Man's Role in the Shaping of the Eastern Mediterranean Landscape, eds. S. Bottema, G. Entjes-Nieborg, and W. van Zeist, pp. 295-306. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
Jordan//Olea//5M

Neef, Reinder
1997 Status and Perspectives of Archaeobotanical Research in Jordan. In The Prehistory of Jordan, II. Perspectives from 1997, by H.G.K. Gebel, Z. Kafafi, and G.O. Rollefson, pp. 601-609. Studies in Early Near Eastern Production, Subsistence, and Environment 4, Berlin.
Jordan

Neef, Reinder
2001 The Plant Remains. In Jebel Abu Thawwad (er-Rumman), Central Jordan. The Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age I Occupations, by Z.A. Kafafi, pp. 203-209.
Jordan// Jebel Abu Thawwad//5M//4M//3M

Neef, R.
2004 Vegetation and Plant Husbandry. In Basta I. The Human Ecology, eds. H.J. Nissen, M. Muheisen and H.G.K. Gebel, pp. 187-218. Bibliotheca neolithica Asiae meridionalis et occidentalis, Berlin.
Jordan//Basta//PPNB

Neef, R.
2004 Vegetation and Climate. A Comparison between PPNB 'Ain Ghazal and Basta. In Central Settlements in Neolithic Jordan. Studies in Early Near Eastern Production, Subsistence, and Environment 5, eds. H.-D. Bienert, H.G. Gebel and R. Neef, pp. 289-299. Berlin.
Jordan//'Ain Ghazal//Basta//PPNB//wood

Neef, Reinder
2009 Living in the Desert: Plant Remains from Tall al-Magass. In Prehistoric 'Aqaba I, eds. L. Khalil and K. Schmidt, pp. 355-362. Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rahden.
Jordan//T. al-Magass//5M//4M

Negbi, M.
1955 The Botanical Finds at Tell Abu Matar, Near Beersheba. Israel Exploration Journal 5: 257-258.
Levant//T. Abu Matar

Nicoli, Marco, Simone Riehl, Lyndelle Webster, Katharina Streit, and Felix Höflmayer
2022 Agricultural resources in the Bronze Age city of Tel Lachish. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 31: 559-572.
Levant//T. Lachish//2M

Noy, T. (with contribution by M. Kislev)
1988 Gilgal I, An Early Village in the Jordan Valley. The Israel Museum Journal 2: 113-114.
Gilgal//PPNA

Noy, T., A. J. Legge and E. S. Higgs, with R.W. Dennell
1973 Recent Excavations at Nahal Oren, Israel. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 39: 75-99.
Israel //Nahel Oren//Epipaleo

Orendi, Andrea and Katleen Deckers
2018 Agricultural resources on the coastal plain of Sidon during the Late Iron Age: archaeobotanical investigations at Phoenician Tell el-Burak, Lebanon. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 27:717-736.
Lebanon//T. el-Burak//1M

Orendi, Andrea, Achim Lichtenberger, and Oren Tal
2021 Food in a colonial setting: the flora assemblage of a short-lived Seleucid-founded site in the Near East. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 30: 641-655.
Levant//T. Iztabba/Nysa-Scythopolis//1M

Potts, T. F., S. M. Colledge and P. C. Edwards
1985 Preliminary Report on a Sixth Season of Excavation by the University of Sydney at Pella in Jordan (1983/84). Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 29: 181-210.
Jordan //Wadi Hammeh//Natufian

Paz, Yitzhak, Oren Ackermann, Yoav Avni, Meni Ben-Hur, Michal Birkenfeld, Dafna Langgut, Ahuva-Sivan Mizrahi, Ehud Weiss, and Naomi Porat
2017 An early bronze age fertilized agricultural plot discovered near Tel Yarmouth, Ramat Bet Shemesh, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 15: 226-234.
Levant//T. Yarmouth//3M

Pustovoytov, K.E., S. Riehl, and S. Mittmann
2004 Radiocarbon Age of Carbonate in Fruits of Lithospermum from the Early Bronze Age Settlement of Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (Jordan). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 13: 207-212.
Jordan//Hirbet ez-Zeraqon//3M

Ramsay, J. H.
2008 Archaeobotanical remains from Caesarea: the 1997 and 1998 seasons. In Caesarea Reports and Studies: Excavations 1995-2007, eds. K. Holum, J. Stabler and E. Reinhardt, pp. 201- 208. British Archaeological Reports, International Series, Oxford.
Levant//Caesarea//

Ramsay, J. H.
2010 Trade or Trash: An Examination of the Archaeobotanical Remains from the Harbour at Caesarea Maritima, Israel. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 39.2: 376-382.
Levant//Caesarea//AD

Ramsay, J.H.
2013 Plant remains. In Humayma Excavation Project, 2: Nabatean Campground and Necropolis, Byzantine Churches, and Early Islamic Domestic Structures, eds. J.P. Oleson and R. Schick, pp. 353-360. ASOR Archaeological Press.
Jordan//Humayma//1M//AD

Ramsay, J.H. and L. Bedal
2015 Garden variety seeds: Botanical remains from the Petra garden and pool complex. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 24: 621-634. Jordan//Petra//1M//AD

Ramsay, J.H. and K. Holum
2015 An archaeobotanical analysis of the Islamic Period occupation at Caesarea Maritima, Israel. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 24: 655-671.
Israel//Caesarea Maritima//AD

Ramsay, J.H. and A.M. Smith II
2013 Desert agriculture at Bir Madhkur: The first archaeobotanical evidence to support the timing and scale of agriculture in the hinterland of Petra. Journal of Arid Environments 99: 51-63.
Jordan//Bir Madhkur//AD

Ramsay, Jennifer and Natalie Mueller
2016 Telling seeds: Archaeobotanical investigations at Tall al-'Umayri, Jordan. In The Archaeology of Agro-Pastoralist Economies in Jordan, ed. K.M. McGeough, pp. 1-25. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 69.
Jordan//T. al-'Umayri 3M//2M//1M

Ramsay, Jennifer and Yotam Tepper
2010 Signs from a green desert: a preliminary examination of the archaeobotanical remains from a Byzantine dovecote near Shivta, Israel. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 19: 235-242.
Israel//Shivta//AD

Ramsey, Monica N., Lisa A. Maher, Danielle A. Macdonald, Dani Nadel, Arlene M. Rosen
2018 Sheltered by reeds and settled on sedges: Construction and use of a twenty thousand-year-old hut according to phytolith analysis from Kharaneh IV, Jordan. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 50: 85-97.
Jordan//Kharaneh IV//18M//Epipaleo//phytolith

Riehl, Simone
1999 Fruhbronzezeitliche Ökonomie in Hirbet ez-Zeraqon, Jordanien
Jordan//Hirbet ez-Zeraqon//2M

Riehl, Simone
2004 Archaeobotany at the Early Bronze Age Site of Hirbet ez-Zeraqon, a Preliminary Report. Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 120(2): 103-122 + plates.
Levant//Hirbet ez-Zeraqon//3M

Riehl, S. and K. Deckers
2007 Plant Remains. In "Tell Fadous (Lebanon)," ed. H. Genz. Baal 9:84-88.
Lebanon//T. Fadous//

Riehl, S. and K. Deckers
2009 The botanical finds from the 2007 and 2008 seasons of excavations. In "Excavations at Tell Fadous-Kfarabdia: Preliminary report on the 2009 seasons of excavations," ed. H. Genz. Baal 13: 110-116.
Lebanon//T. Fadous//

Riehl, Simone and Andrea Orendi
2019 Archaeobotanical samples from Middle and Late Bronze Age contexts at Tell el-Burak. In "Tell el-Burak I, The Middle Bronze Age," eds. J. Kamlah and H. Sader, pp. 360-368. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Lebanon//T. el-Burak//2M

Rollefson, Gary
1985 The 1983 Season at the Early Neolithic Site of 'Ain Ghazal. National Geographic Research 1(1): 44-62.
Jordan //'Ain Ghazal//Neolithic

Rollefson, G. O., A. H. Simmons, M. L. Donaldson, W. Gillepsie, Z. Kafafi, I. Kohler-Rollefson, E. McAdam, S. L. Rolston and M. K. Tubb
1985 Excavation at the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Village of 'Ain Ghazal (Jordan), 1983. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orientgesellschaft zu Berlin 117: 69-116.
Jordan//'Ain Ghazal//7M

Rosen, Arlene M.
1987 Phytolith Studies at Shiqmim. In Shiqmim I, ed. T.E. Levy, pp. 243-249. BAR International Series 356 (i), Oxford.
Israel//Chalcolithic//Irrigation

Rosen, Arlene M.
1994 Identifying Ancient Irrigation: A New Method Using Opaline Phytoliths from Emmer Wheat. Journal of Archaeological Science 21: 125-132. [ doi:10.1006/jasc.1994.1013]
Israel//Chalcolithic//Irrigation//Triticum dicoccum

Simchoni, O. and M.E. Kislev
2009 Relict Plant Remains in the 'Caves of the Spear'. Israel Exploration Journal 59:47-62.
Levant//Caves of the Spear//AD

Simchoni, O. and M. Kislev
2012 Food and Fodder in Early Bronze Age Strata in Area M. (Chapter 12A). In Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996. Vol. IV: The 4th and 3rd millennia BCE, ed. A. Mazar, pp. 422-429. The Israel Exploration Society, and the Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Levant//Beth Shean//3M

Simchoni, O., M.E. Kislev, and Y. Melamed
2007 Beth-Shean as a Trade Center for Crops in the Bronze Age: Botanical and Entomological Evidence (Chapter 15A). In Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996. Vol. II: The Middle and Late Bronze Age Strata in Area R, eds. A. Mazar and R.A. Mullins, pp. 702-715. The Israel Exploration Society, The Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Levant//Beth Shean//3M

van den Brink, Edwin C.M., Liphschitz, Nili, Dorit Lazar, and Georges Bonani
2001 Chalcolithic Dwelling Remains, Cup Marks and Olive (Olea europaea) Stones at Nevallat. Israel Exploration Journal 51: 36-43.
Israel//Nevallat//4M

van Zeist, Willem and J. A. H. Heeres
1973 Paleobotanical Studies of Deir 'Alla, Jordan. Paléorient 1: 21-37.
Jordan //Deir 'Alla//Bronze Age

Warnock, Peter
2001 Wood Analysis. In The Petra Church, by Z.T. Fiema, C. Kanellopoulos, T. Waliszewski, and R. Schick. Pp. 398-408. American Center of Oriental Research, Amman.
Levant//Petra//AD

Weiss, Ehud and Mordechai E. Kislev
2004 Plant Remains as Indicators for Economic Activity: a Case Study from Iron Age Ashkelon. Journal of Archaeological Science 31: 1-13. [ doi:10.1016/S0305-4403(03)00072-4]
Levant//Ashkelon//1M

Weiss, E., M.E. Kislev, and Y. Mahler-Slasky
2011 Plant Remains (Chapter 23). In Ashkelon 3: The seventh Century B.C., eds. L.E. Stager, D.M. Master and J.D. Schloen, pp. 591-613. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.
Levant//Ashkelon//1M

Weiss, E., M. E. Kislev, O. Simchoni, and D. Nadel
2004 Small-grained wild grasses as staple food at the 23 000-year-old site of Ohalo II, Israel. Economic Botany 58 (Supplement): 125-134.
Levant//Ohalo II//Upper Paleolithic

Weiss, Ehud and Yael Mahler-Slasky
2016 Excursus B: Jar of dried figs. In Tell Beth-Shemesh, a Border Community in Judah, Renewed Excacavations 1990-2000: The Iron Age, vol. I, by S. Bunimovitz and Z. Lederman, pp. 247-256. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.
Israel//T. Beth-Shemesh//1M

Western, A. Cecilia
1971 The Ecological Interpretation of Ancient Charcoals from Jericho. Levant 3: 31-40.
Jericho//PPNA//PPNB//Bronze Age

Western, A. C.
1983 Catalogue of Identified Charcoal and Samples. In Excavations at Jericho, vol. 5, K. Kenyon and T. A. Holland. Pp. 770-773. British School of Archaeology, Jerusalem.
Jericho

White, Chantel E., Meredith S. Chesson and R. Thomas Schaub
2014 A recipe for disaster: emerging urbanism and unsustainable plant economies at Early Bronze Age Ras an-Numayra, Jordan. Antiquity 88: 363-377
Jordan//Ras an-Numayra//4M//3M

White, Chantel E. and Cheryl A. Makarewicz
2012 Harvesting Practices and Early Neolithic Barley Cultivation at el-Hemmeh, Jordan. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 21: 85-94. [DOI 10.1007/s00334-011-0309-z]
Jordan//el-Hemmeh//10M//

Willcox, George
1992 Archaeobotanical Investigations at Pella (1983). In Pella in Jordan 2, by A.W. McNicoll, R.H. Smith, P.M. Watson, and S. Gordon, pp. 253-256. Sydney.
Joprdan//Wadi Hammeh//Kebaran//Natuf//4M//3M//2M//1M//AD

Zaitscheck, D.V.
1959 Remains of Cultivated Plants from Horvat Beter (Beersheba): Preliminary Note. 'Atiqot 2: 48-52.
Levant//Beersheba (Horvat Beter)

Zaitscheck, D.V.
1961 Remains of Cultivated Plants from the Cave of Nahal Mishmar: Preliminary Note. Israel Exploration Journal 11: 70-72.
Levant// Horvat Beter (Beersheba)

Zaitscheck, D.V.
1962 Remains of Plants from the Cave of the Pool. Israel Exploration Journal 12: 184-185.
Levant// Cave of the Pool

Zaitscheck, D.V.
1980. Plant Remains from the Cave of the Treasure. In The Cave of the Treasure, ed. P. Bar-Adon, pp. 223-227. The Israel Exploration Society, Jerusalem.
Levant// Cave of the Treasure

Zaitschek, D. V.
1955 Remains of Cultivated Plants from Afula. 'Atiqot 1: 71-74.
Israel//Afula


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