Nature Neuroscience

Hepatocyte growth factor mediates mesenchymal stem cell–induced recovery in multiple sclerosis models

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3109

Authors: Lianhua Bai, Donald P Lennon, Arnold I Caplan, Anne DeChant, Jordan Hecker, Janet Kranso, Anita Zaremba & Robert H Miller

An unconventional role for miRNA: let-7 activates Toll-like receptor 7 and causes neurodegeneration

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3113

Authors: Sabrina M Lehmann, Christina Krüger, Boyoun Park, Katja Derkow, Karen Rosenberger, Jan Baumgart, Thorsten Trimbuch, Gina Eom, Michael Hinz, David Kaul, Piet Habbel, Roland Kälin, Eleonora Franzoni, Agnieszka Rybak, Duong Nguyen, Rüdiger Veh, Olaf Ninnemann, Oliver Peters, Robert Nitsch, Frank L Heppner, Douglas Golenbock, Eckart Schott, Hidde L Ploegh, F Gregory Wulczyn & Seija Lehnardt

Activation of adult-born neurons facilitates learning and memory

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3108

Authors: Mariana Alonso, Gabriel Lepousez, Sebastien Wagner, Cedric Bardy, Marie-Madeleine Gabellec, Nicolas Torquet & Pierre-Marie Lledo

Channel properties reveal differential expression of TARPed and TARPless AMPARs in stargazer neurons

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3107

Authors: Cécile Bats, David Soto, Dorota Studniarczyk, Mark Farrant & Stuart G Cull-Candy

Nonlinear analysis of macaque V1 color tuning reveals cardinal directions for cortical color processing

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3105

Authors: Gregory D Horwitz & Charles A Hass

Large-scale cortical correlation structure of spontaneous oscillatory activity

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3101

Authors: Joerg F Hipp, David J Hawellek, Maurizio Corbetta, Markus Siegel & Andreas K Engel

Preso1 dynamically regulates group I metabotropic glutamate receptors

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3103

Authors: Jia-Hua Hu, Linlin Yang, Paul J Kammermeier, Chester G Moore, Paul R Brakeman, Jiancheng Tu, Shouyang Yu, Ronald S Petralia, Zhe Li, Ping-Wu Zhang, Joo Min Park, Xinzhong Dong, Bo Xiao & Paul F Worley

Contribution of visual and circadian neural circuits to memory for prolonged mating induced by rivals

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3104

Authors: Woo Jae Kim, Lily Yeh Jan & Yuh Nung Jan

Gating and control of primary visual cortex by pulvinar

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3106

Authors: Gopathy Purushothaman, Roan Marion, Keji Li & Vivien A Casagrande

Distinct roles for direct and indirect pathway striatal neurons in reinforcement

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3100

Authors: Alexxai V Kravitz, Lynne D Tye & Anatol C Kreitzer

Dopamine signaling is implicated in reinforcement learning, but the neural substrates targeted by dopamine are poorly understood. We bypassed dopamine signaling itself and tested how optogenetic activation of dopamine D1 or D2 receptor–expressing striatal projection neurons influenced reinforcement learning in mice. Stimulating D1 receptor–expressing neurons induced persistent reinforcement, whereas stimulating D2 receptor–expressing neurons induced transient punishment, indicating that activation of these circuits is sufficient to modify the probability of performing future actions.

Calbindin controls release probability in ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3099

Authors: Ping-Yue Pan & Timothy A Ryan

Relatively little is known about the molecular control of midbrain dopamine release. Using high-fidelity imaging of pHluorin-tagged vesicular monoamine transporter 2 in dopamine neurons, we found that exocytosis was more loosely coupled to calcium entry than in fast synapses. In ventral tegmental area neurons, this allows exocytosis to be efficiently controlled by a native fast calcium buffer, calbindin-D28k, maintaining a lower vesicular release probability compared with substantia nigra neurons.

Visual neurotransmission in Drosophila requires expression of Fic in glial capitate projections

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3102

Authors: Mokhlasur Rahman, Hyeilin Ham, Xinran Liu, Yoshie Sugiura, Kim Orth & Helmut Krämer

Adolescent impulsivity phenotypes characterized by distinct brain networks

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3092

Authors: Robert Whelan, Patricia J Conrod, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Anbarasu Lourdusamy, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J Barker, Mark A Bellgrove, Christian Büchel, Mark Byrne, Tarrant D R Cummins, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Herta Flor, Jürgen Gallinat, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Karl Mann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Edmund C Lalor, Mark Lathrop, Eva Loth, Frauke Nees, Tomas Paus, Marcella Rietschel, Michael N Smolka, Rainer Spanagel, David N Stephens, Maren Struve, Benjamin Thyreau, Sabine Vollstaedt-Klein, Trevor W Robbins, Gunter Schumann & Hugh Garavan

SUMOylation and phosphorylation of GluK2 regulate kainate receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3089

Authors: Sophie E L Chamberlain, Inmaculada M González-González, Kevin A Wilkinson, Filip A Konopacki, Sriharsha Kantamneni, Jeremy M Henley & Jack R Mellor

Rac1 is essential in cocaine-induced structural plasticity of nucleus accumbens neurons

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3094

Authors: David M Dietz, Haosheng Sun, Mary Kay Lobo, Michael E Cahill, Benjamin Chadwick, Virginia Gao, Ja Wook Koo, Michelle S Mazei-Robison, Caroline Dias, Ian Maze, Diane Damez-Werno, Karen C Dietz, Kimberly N Scobie, Deveroux Ferguson, Daniel Christoffel, Yoko Ohnishi, Georgia E Hodes, Yi Zheng, Rachael L Neve, Klaus M Hahn, Scott J Russo & Eric J Nestler

Neurogenesis requires TopBP1 to prevent catastrophic replicative DNA damage in early progenitors

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3097

Authors: Youngsoo Lee, Sachin Katyal, Susanna M Downing, Jingfeng Zhao, Helen R Russell & Peter J McKinnon

Social neuroscience and health: neurophysiological mechanisms linking social ties with physical health

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3086

Authors: Naomi I Eisenberger & Steve W Cole

Neural mechanisms of social risk for psychiatric disorders

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3083

Authors: Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg & Heike Tost

The neuroscience of empathy: progress, pitfalls and promise

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3085

Authors: Jamil Zaki & Kevin Ochsner

Social influences on neuroplasticity: stress and interventions to promote well-being

Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/nn.3093

Authors: Richard J Davidson & Bruce S McEwen