1898 |
Spain defeated by USA and loses Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines |
|
1917 |
Military defence juntas formed in army to protest about low pay and to protect system of promotion by strict seniority |
|
1923 |
March20 |
Military coup; General Miguel Primo de Rivera forms dictatorship |
1930 |
January 30 |
Primo de Rivera replaced by General Damaso Berenguer |
1931 |
March 14 |
Foundation of fascist newspaper La conquista del Estado by Ramiro Ledesma Ramos |
April14 |
King Alfonso XIII leaves Spain; Second Republic founded |
|
April 26 |
Acción Popular, Catholic authoritarian party, founded |
|
October 10 |
Fascist party, Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista [JONS] founded |
|
Dec. 15 |
Foundation of Alfonsine monarchist society and journal Acción Español |
|
1932 |
Aug. 10 |
General Sanjurjo leads revolt in Seville which fails |
Nov. 30 |
Left-wing Esquerra Republicana sweeps to power in Catalan parliament |
|
1933 |
Oct.29 |
Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera founds the Falange Espanol (Spanish Phalanx) |
Nov.19 |
Right-wing parties win general election |
|
1934 |
Sept.9 |
Gil Robles organizes huge CEDA rally in Asturia |
Oct.5 |
Miners revolt in Asturia. Revolt crushed (1355 killed, 2951 wounded) |
|
1935 |
May |
CEDA takes five ministries in cabinet; Gil Robles becomes minister of defence |
1936 |
Febr.16 |
Popular Front wins elections |
March14 |
FE (fascist party) outlawed and Jose Antonio de Rivera arrested |
|
July18 |
The generals start coup and civil war begins |
|
July 29 |
Italian airforce dispatches a dozen Savoia-Marchetti bombers to Spain |
|
Aug.2 |
France proposes "non-intervention" in Spanish civil war |
|
Sept.9 |
Non-Intervention Committee of all the Powers meets in London |
|
Oct.15 |
Soviet military aid reaches Spain |
|
Nov.20 |
Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera executed in Alicante |
|
1937 |
April 19 |
Franco unites Falange, Carlists, CEDA, and Renovación Española into unified party, Falange Español Tradicionalista |
April26 |
German Condor Legion bombs Guernica |
|
June23 |
Italy and Germany withdraw from Non-Intervention Committee |
|
May3 |
Battles between left-wing forces in Barcelona; communists gain |
|
June3 |
General Mola killed in a plane crash |
|
Oct. |
Asturias falls to Nationalists |
|
1938 |
Jan.30 |
Franco forms first cabinet |
June13 |
France closes border with Spain |
|
1939 |
Febr. 28 |
Britain recognizes Franco regime |
Mar 30 |
Nationalists occupy Madrid |
|
April1 |
End of civil war |
|
April 16 |
Pius XII broadcasts on Radio Vaticana that divine Providence manifest in Spanish Nationalist victory |
|
May 8 |
Spain withdraws from League of Nations |