ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY
Fall 2001
Figure 1:
Machu Picchu
Updates
Recent Books, Classics, Reference Materials, And Bibliographies
Recent Ethnographies, Ethnohistories
Selected Journals And Periodicals That Cover Andean Archaeology
Internet Resources on Andean Archaeology
The Northeast Conference on Andean and Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory (University of Western Ontario and Brescia College, London, Ontario, Canada, Nov 3-4, 2001)
Figure 3: The
Gateway of the Sun, Tiwanaku
OFFICE: Room 435-436, University Museum
OFFICE HOURS: Fridays 2:00-4:00pm; I will be available during office hours and after class if you have any questions regarding the course material, the department's program in anthropology, or archaeology in general. You can also see me after class and by appointment if office hours conflict with your schedule. Messages can be left in my mailbox in Department of Anthropology or contact me by email.
E-MAIL: cerickso@sas.upenn.edu
I regularly use email to communicate with students in my courses. I encourage you to contact me by email if you have questions or need further information regarding the course assignments or readings.
CLASS LECTURES: Mondays 2:00 - 5:00 pm, Room 329, University Museum.
REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS: The two books are available for purchase at A House of Our Own Bookstore, 3920 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, tel.(215) 222-1576.
Moseley, Michael E.
2001 The Incas and their Ancestors: The
Archaeology of Peru. Thames and
Hudson, London. Revised Edition (paperback)
Burger, Richard
1992 Chavin and the Origins of Andean Civilization. Thames and Hudson, New York (paperback)
BULK PACK OF REQUIRED READINGS: Anthropology 433: Andean Archaeology available for purchase at the Copy Center, basement of the Towne Building (Engineering) 220 South 33rd Street, open 10-12:00am; 2-5pm (cash only). Originals of all of these readings can be found in the books and journals of the Museum Library.
2001 Anthropology 433 Andean Archaeology Bulk Pack Reader. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania.
National Geographic Society Map(s) [obtain at least one (1) of the following from family or relative's collection of NG; other detailed atlas maps may be used if these are not available].
1972 Map "South America" National Geographic 142(4) Oct.
1982 May "Indians/Archaeology of South America" National Geographic 161(3) March.
1992 Map "South America" National Geographic 182(2) August.
This
course provides a basic survey of the prehistory of civilizations in the
Central Andean Region of South America (the highland and coastal areas that
today are part of Peru and Bolivia).
Emphasis will be placed on the following cultures and periods: the
Preceramic, Chavin, Paracas, Pukara, Moche, Nazca, Wari, Tiwanaku, Chimu, and
Inca. Topics include the history of South American archaeology, peopling of the
continent, origins and evolution of agriculture, early village life, ceremonial
and domestic architecture, prehistoric art and symbolism, Andean cosmology and
astronomy, indigenous technology, the historical ecology of landscapes, outside
contacts and relationships, economics and trade, social and political
structure, state formation and urbanism, and early contacts with Europeans. The
focus will be on the recent archaeological investigations and interpretations
combined with appropriate analogy from ethnohistory and ethnography. The
prehistory of the Amazonian lowlands and "the intermediate area" of
northern South America will not be presented in this course (These topics are
covered in Anthropology 224: Archaeology of the Neotropics).
Classes will consist of lectures, with occasional discussion sections. Slides will be used to illustrate concepts and sites presented in lecture and several films and/or videos will also be shown as supplementary material. I will also make use of artifacts from the extensive South American collections of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Grading is based on 2 exams and class participation in discussions of readings.
Because this is a 400‑level course for undergraduates and graduate students, a basic understanding of anthropological concepts and terms, especially those of socio‑cultural anthropology and archaeology, is required. All readings will be in English and knowledge of Spanish is not necessary (although reading ability in Spanish may be useful for outside readings).
There are many reading assignments for this course. The required textbooks are Moseley, Burger, and a "bulk pack reader." The bulk pack reader has been assembled for this course that includes a number of important articles on Andean Archaeology (available for purchase at the Copy Center, Towne Building [Engineering], 220 South 33rd Street). Weekly reading assignments will come from the texts and the bulk pack reader. At times during the semester, new materials may be added to the readings (downloadable from the course web site or placed on Library Reserve). A reading syllabus will be provided and may be periodically updated throughout the semester.
GRADING:
Grades
will be based on 2 exams (a 2 hour midterm and a 2 hour final) of equal weight and
participation in discussion of the readings. The student will be responsible
for material presented in the lecture, readings, slide presentations, tours of
the collections, and films/videos.
The
exams will be primarily long and short essay questions, with some brief
identifications and definitions and map identifications. The final exam will not be cumulative, that
is, it will only cover material presented after the midterm exam, although you
will have to be familiar with the concepts and terminology presented earlier in
the semester. There will be an in‑class
short review/questions session before each exam if necessary. Please note that the Midterm Exam is on Monday, November 1 (in class; 2:00-5:00
pm) and the Final Exam is on Friday,
December 14, 2001 (8:30-10:30am in room 329 Museum).
Class attendance is highly recommended since the course only meets once
weekly. Makeup exams will only be given
in extreme cases.
I will be available during office hours, Fridays 2:00 - 4:00pm, if you have any questions regarding the course material, or archaeology in general. I also would appreciate your comments, and will be happy to make appointments for other times if my office hours conflict with your schedule. I regularly read and answer E-mail.
ANTHROPOLOGY
433
ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY
Fall
2001
Dr.
Clark L. Erickson
COURSE
SYLLABUS
September 10: Introduction
to Course
September 17: Cultural
and Physical Geography; Chronology; Short History of South American
Archaeology; The Concept of "Andean;" The Roots of Prehispanic Andean
Society.
Moseley
Text: Chapt 1-3: pp. 7-86
Burger
Text: Chapt. 1
Bennett
in Reader
Isbell
"Construction" in Reader
Pozorski
and Pozorski "Chronology" in Reader
Murra
"Limits and Limitations" in Reader
September 24: Peopling
of the Continent. Pleistocene and Post‑Pleistocene
Lifeways.
Moseley
Text: Chapter 4: pp. 87-106
Dillehay
"Battle" in Reader
Meltzer and Dillehay “Search” in
Reader
Marshall
in Reader
Sandweiss
in Reader
October 1: Highland
and Lowland Subsistence in the Preceramic; Domestication of Plants and Animals,
Agricultural Systems.
Moseley
Text: pp. 107-117
Dillehay et al. "Nanchoc" in Reader
Quilter
et al. in Reader
Hastorf
and Johannessen in Reader
Furst
“Coca and Cocaine” in Reader
Burger Text: Chapt. 2
October 8: Initial
Period U‑Shaped Temples and the Rise of Complex Society; Real Alto and
Valdivia Culture, Andean Highland and Tropical Forest Interaction.
Moseley
Text: pp. 117-154
Lathrap
et al. "Real Alto" in Reader
Pringle:
“First Urban Center” in Reader
Shady
et al. “Dating Caral” in Reader
Pozorski
and Pozorski "Early Andean Cities" in Reader
Burger Text: Chapt 3-4
October 15: Chavin and the
Early Horizon; Andean State Formation.
Moseley
Text: pp. 163-171
Lathrap
"Gifts" in Reader
Burger Text: Chapt. 5,
6, 7, 8
October 22: Paracas,
Nazca and Moche Cultures of the Early Intermediate Period
Moseley
Text: pp. 160-162, 173-207
Aveni
and Silverman "Between the Lines" in Reader
Aveni
"Archaeoastronomy" in Reader pp. 326-328
Alva and Donnan (handout
reading)
Moseley and Richardson
in Reader
October
29: MIDTERM EXAM
November 5: Pachacamac,
the Ceremonial Center, and Andean Pilgrimage; Film "In the Footsteps of
Taytacha."
Burger
Text: pp. 106-197,
Moseley
Text pp. 159, 184-5, 246
November 12: Early
Cultures of the Lake Titicaca Basin and Cuzco, Evolution of Farming Systems
Moseley
Text: pp. 154-160; 276-278
Kolata
"Technology" in Reader
Erickson “Social
Organization” in Reader
November 19: The
Expansionist Empires: Tiwanaku and Wari.
Moseley
Text: 208-243
Isbell
"City and State" in Reader
Kolata
and Ponce "Tiwanaku" in Reader
Kolata
"Technology and Organization" in Reader (skim)
Erickson
"Social Organization" in Reader (skim)
November 26: The
Late Intermediate Period: The Chimú, Aymara and North Coast Kingdoms; The Roots
of the Inca Empire.
Moseley
Text: pp. 245-275
Conrad
"Cultural Materialism" and "Reply" in Reader
Isbell
"Comment" in Reader
Paulsen
"Comment" in Reader
Browman
"Tectonic" in Reader
December 3: The
Inca Empire.
Moseley
Text: pp. 51-85
Murra
"Limits" in Reader (skim)
Hastorf
and Johannessen "Prehispanic Political Change" in Reader
Wachtel
in Reader
Aveni
"Astroarchaeology" in Reader
McEwen
and Van de Guchte in Reader
Patterson
in Reader
December
10: The Inca Empire (continued).
December 14: FINAL
EXAM [Friday, December 14, 2001; 8:30-10:30am in Room 329 University
Museum]
Please Note:
·
This is a tentative
schedule that is subject to change.
· There is a possibility that visiting Andean scholars will give on‑campus lectures by during the semester. Student attendance will be optional (but expected) at these events.
Anthropology
433
ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY
Fall
2001
Dr.
Clark L. Erickson
Table of
Contents of Reader
Bennett, Wendell C.
1948 The
Peruvian Co‑Tradition. In A
Reappraisal of Peruvian Archaeology edited by W. C. Bennett, Memoirs of the Society for American
Archaeology, Menasha, pp. 1‑7.
Pozorski, Shelia and Thomas Pozorski
1987 Chronology. In The Origins and Development of the
Andean State, edited by J. Haas, S.
Pozorski and T. Pozorski, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, pp. 5‑8.
Murra, John V.
1986 The
Limits and Limitations of the "Vertical Archipelago" in the
Andes. Andean Ecology and
Civilization edited by S. Masuda,
I. Shimada, and C. Morris, University
of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 15‑20.
Isbell, William
1995 Constructing
the Andean Past or "As You Like It".
Journal of the Steward Anthropological Society. 23(1-2):1-12.
Dillehay, Thomas
1997 The Battle of Monte Verde. The Sciences. January-February, pp. 28-33.
Dillehay, Thomas and David Meltzer
1998 Search for the Earliest Americans. Archaeology 52(1):60-61.
Marshall, Eliot
1991 Clovis
Counterrevolution. Science
249:738-741.
Sandweiss, Daniel et al.
1997 The First Americans and the Sea. Discovering
Archaeology. Jan-Feb. pp. 59-65.
Dillehay, Tom, Jack Rossen, and
Patricia Netherly
1997 The
Nanchoc Tradition: The Beginnings of Andean Civilization. American Scientist. 85:46-55.
Quilter, Jefrey, Bernardino Ojeda,
Deborah Pearsall, Daniel Sandweiss, John Jones, and Elizabeth Wing
1991 Subsistence
Economy of El Paraíso, an Early Peruvian Site.
Science 251:277-283.
Hastorf, Christine and Sissel
Johannessen
1993
Pre-Hispanic
Political Change and the Role of Maize in the Central Andes of Peru. American Anthropologist 95(1):115-138.
Furst, Peter
1990 Coca
and Cocaine. Introduction 1990. IN Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of
Hallucinogens. Edited by Peter Furst, Waveland Press, Prospect Heights,
Illinois, pp. xiv-xviii.
Lathrap, Donald W., Jorge G. Marcos,
and James A. Zeidler
1977 Real
Alto: An Ancient Ceremonial Center. Archaeology
30(1):2‑13.
Pringle, Heather
2001 The First Urban Center in the Americas. Science.
292:621-622..
Shady Solis, Ruth, Jonathan Haas,
and Winifred Creamer
2001 Dating Caral: A Preceramic Site in the Supe
Valley on the Central Coast of Peru. Science. 292:723-726.
Pozorski, Shelia and Thomas Pozorski
1994 Early Andean Cities. Scientific American 270(6):66-72.
Lathrap, Donald W.
1973 Gifts
of the Cayman: Some Thoughts on the Subsistence Basis of Chavin. In Variation in Anthropology, edited by D. W. Lathrap and J. Douglas, Illinois Archaeological Survey, Urbana, pp. 91‑105.
Aveni, Anthony F. and Helaine
Silverman
1991 Between
the Lines: Reading the Nazca Markings as Rituals Writ Large. The Sciences. July/August.
Alva, Walter and Christopher Donnan
[accidentally left out of the reader]
1993 A Greater Understanding of Moche
Civilization. IN Royal Tombs of Sipán. Fowler Museum of Cultural
History, Berkeley, pp. 219-227.
Moseley, Michael and James
Richardson
1992 Doomed by Natural Disaster. Archaeology 45:44-45.
Kolata, Alan L. and Carlos Ponce
Sangines
1992 Tiwanaku:
The City at the Center. IN Ancient Americas: Art from Sacred Landscapes. Edited by Richard Townsend, Art Institute of
Chicago, Chicago.
Kolata,
Alan L.
1991 The
Technology and Organization of Agricultural Production in the Tiwanaku
State. Latin American Antiquity 2(2):99-125.
Erickson, Clark L.
1993 The
Social Organization of Prehispanic Raised Field Agriculture in the Lake
Titicaca Basin. IN Economic Aspects of Water Management in the Prehispanic
New World. edited by Vernon J.
Scarborough and Barry Isaac, Research in Economic Anthropology Supplement 7,
JAI Press, Greenwich.
Isbell, William H.
1988 City
and State in Middle Horizon Huari. In Peruvian Prehistory edited by
Richard W. Keatinge, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, pp. 164-189.
Conrad, Geoffry W.
1983 Cultural
Materialism, Split Inheritance, and the Expansion of Ancient Peruvian
Empires. American Antiquity
46(1):1‑42.
Isbell, William H.
1983 Comment
on Conrad. American Antiquity
46(1):27‑30.
Paulsen, Allison
1983 The
Archaeology of the Absurd: Comments on "Cultural Materialism, Split
Inheritance, and the Expansion of Ancient Peruvian Empires. American Antiquity 46(1):31‑37.
Conrad, Geoffry W.
1983 Reply
to Paulsen and Isbell. American
Antiquity 46(1):38‑ 42.
Browman, David L.
1983 Tectonic
Movement and Agrarian Collapse in Prehispanic Peru. Nature 302:568‑569.
Wachtel, Nathan
1977 The
Structure of the Inca State. In The
Vision of the Vanquished: The Spanish
Conquest of Peru through Native Eyes, 1530‑1570. Barnes and Noble, New York, pp. 61‑84.
Aveni, Anthony F.
1980 Astroarchaeology
of North and South America. In Skywatchers
of Ancient Mexico, University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 294‑ 311.
McEwen,
Colin and Maarten Van de Guchte
1992 Ancestral
Time and Sacred Space in Inca State Ritual.
In The Ancient Americas: Art from Sacred Landscapes. Art Institute, Chicago, pp. 359-371.
Patterson, Thomas C.
1986 Ideology,
Class Formation, and Resistance in the Inca State. Critique of Anthropology 6(1):75‑85.
Masuda, Shozo, Izumi Shimada, and
Craig Morris eds.
1986 Glossary. In Andean Ecology and Civilization, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 533‑538.
Bruhns,
Karen
1994 Glossary
of Technical and Specialist Terms used in South American Archaeology. IN Ancient
South America. Cambridge University Press, pp. 385-400.
ANTHROPOLOGY
433
ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY
Fall
2001
Professor
Clark L. Erickson
RECENT
BOOKS, EDITED VOLUMES, CLASSICS, REFERENCE MATERIALS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES:
Aldenderfer, Mark S.
1998
Montane Foragers
: Asana and the south-central Andean Archaic. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.
Albarracín-Jordan,
Juan
1996 Tiwanaku: Arqueología Regional y Dinámica Segmentaria. Plural, La Paz.
Alva, Walter and Christopher Donnan
1993 Royal
Tombs of Sipán. Fowler Museum of
Cultural History, Los Angeles.
Aveni, Anthony F.
2000 Between the lines : the mystery of the
giant ground drawings of ancient Nasca, Peru. University of Texas Press,
Austin.
Aveni, Anthony editor
1990 The
Nasca Lines. American Philosophical
Society, Philadelphia.
Bauer, Brian S.
1992 The
Development of the Inca State.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Bauer, Brian S. and David S. P.
Dearborn
1995 Astronomy
and Empire in the Ancient Andes.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Bauer, Brian S.
1998
The Sacred
Landscape of the Inca: The Cusco Ceque System. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Bauer, Brian S. and Charles Stanish.
2001 Ritual and pilgrimage in the ancient
Andes: the Islands of the Sun and the Moon. University of Texas Press,
Austin.
Bawden, Garth
1996 The Moche. Blackwell Publishers, Cambridge.
Boone, Elizabeth Hill ed.
1996 Andean art at Dumbarton. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Series: Pre-Columbian art at Dumbarton Oaks ; no. 1, Washington DC.
Bruhns, Karen
1994 Ancient
South America. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge.
Burger, Richard
1992 Chavin
and the Origins of Andean Civilization.
Thames and Hudson, New York.
D'Altroy, Terence
1992 Provincial
Power in the Inka Empire.
Smithsonian Institute, Washington D.C.
Denevan, William M.
2001 Cultivated Landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Dillehay, Thomas D. ed.
1989 Monte
Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in
Chile 1: Paleoenvironment and Site Context. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC.
Dillehay, Thomas D. ed.
1997 Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene
Settlement in Chile. 2: The Archaeological Context. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington,
DC.
Dillehay, Thomas D.
2000 The settlement of the Americas: a new
prehistory. Basic Books, New York.
Donnan, Christopher ed.
1984 Early
Ceremonial Architecture in the Andes.
Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington D.C.
Donnan, Christopher
1978 Moche
Art of Peru: Pre‑Columbian
Symbolic Communication. Museum of
Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles.
Dover, Robert V. H., Katharine E.
Seibold, and John H. McDowell editors
1992 Andean
Cosmologies through Time: Persistence and Emergence. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
Dransart, Penny ed.
1995 Andean art : visual expression and its relation to Andean beliefs and values. Aldershot ; Brookfield, Avebury.
Erickson, Clark L.
1996 Investigación Arqueológica del Sistema Agrícola de los
Camellones en la Cuenca del Lago Titicaca del Perú. PIWA, Centro de
Información para el Desarrollo, La Paz, Bolivia.
Gaspirini, G. and L. Margolies
1980 Inca
Architecture. Indiana University
Press, Bloomington.
Haas, Jonathan, Shelia Pozorski, and Thomas Pozorski eds.
1987 The
Origins and Development of the Andean State. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hadingham, Evan
1987 Lines
to the Mountain Gods. Random House,
New York.
Hastorf, Christine A.
1993 Agriculture and the onset of Political
Inequality before the Inka.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hastorf, C. A.(ed)
1999 Early Settlement in Chiripa, Bolivia: Research of the Taraco Archaeological Project, No. 57 Contributions Archaeological Research Facility Monograph Publications. University of California, Berkeley.
Hemming, John
1983 The Conquest of the Incas. Penguin
Books, Harmondsworth.
Hyslop, John
1990 Inka
Settlement Planning. University of
Texas Press, Austin.
Hyslop, John
1985 The
Inka Road System. Academic Press,
New York.
Isbell, William
1997 Mummies and Mortuary Monuments: A
Postprocessual Prehistory of Central Andean Social Organization. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Isbell, William and Gordon F. McEwan
editors
1991 Huari
Administrative Structure: Prehistoric
Monumental Architecture and State Government. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Jennings, Jesse ed.
1983 Ancient
South Americans. W. Freeman, San
Francisco.
Kaulicke, Peter ed.
1998 Max
Uhle y el Perú. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Fondo Editorial,
Lima, Peru.
Keatinge, Richard W. ed.
1988 Peruvian
Prehistory: An Overview of Pre‑Inca
and Inca Society. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge.
Kolata,
Alan L.
1993 The
Tiwanaku: Portrait of an Andean Civilization. Blackwell, Cambridge.
Kolata, Alan L. ed.
1996 Tiwanaku and Its Hinterland. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington
DC.
Lanning, Edward
1967 Peru
Before the Incas. Englewood‑Cliffs,
NJ.
Lathrap, Donald W.
1970 The
Upper Amazon. Thames and Hudson,
London.
Lavellée, Daniéle
1999 The First South Americans: The Peopling
of a Continent from the Earliest Evidence to High Culture. University of
Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Lumbreras, Luis
1974 The
Peoples and Cultures of Ancient Peru.
Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington D.C.
Malpass, Michael A. ed.
1993 Provincial
Inca: Archaeological and Ethnohistorical Assessment of the Impact of the Inca
State. University of Iowa Press,
Iowa City.
Masuda, Shozo, Craig Morris, and
Izumi Shimada, eds.
1985 Andean
Ecology and Civilization. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
Minelli, Laura Laurencich ed.
2000 Inca world : the development of
Pre-Columbian Peru, A.D. 1000-1534. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Moore, Jerry
1996 Architecture and Power in the Ancient
Andes: The Archaeology of Public Buildings. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Moseley, Michael C.
1975 The
Maritime Origins of Andean Civilization.
Cummings, Menlo Park, CA.
Moseley, M. E. and K. C. Day eds.
1982 Chan
Chan: Andean Desert City. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Murra, John V.
1980 The
Economic Organization of the Inca State.
J.A.I. Press,
Murra, John V., Nathan Wachtel, and
Jacques Revel eds.
1986 Anthropological
History of Andean Polities.
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
Parssinen, Martti
1992 Tawantinsuyu: The Inka State and Its
Political Organization. SHS, Helsinki.
Pasternosto,
Cesar
1996 The
Stone and the Thread: Andean Roots of
Abstract Art. University of Texas
Press, Austin.
Patterson, Thomas C.
1992 The
Inca Empire: The Formation and
Disintegration of a Pre-Capitalist State.
Berg, Oxford.
Paul, Anne ed.
1991 Paracas:
Art and Architecture: Objects and Context in South Coastal Peru. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.
Piperno, Dolores and Deborah
Pearsall
1998 The Origins of Agriculture in the Lowland
Neotropics. Academic Press, San Diego.
Rice, Don Stephen editor
1993 Latin American Horizons. Dumbarton
Oaks, Washington DC.
Rostworowski
de Diez Canseco, Maria
1999 History of the Inca
Realm. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Rostworowski
de Diez Canseco, Maria and Michael E. Moseley eds.
1990 The
Northern Dynasties: Kinship and Statecraft in Chimor. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and
Collection, Washington DC.
Rostworowski
de Diez Canseco, María.
1999
History of the
Inca realm. translated by Harry
B. Iceland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Salomon, Frank
1987 The
Ethnic Lords of Quito. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
Salomon, Frank and Stuart Schwartz
eds.
2000
The Cambridge
History of Native Peoples of the Americas: Volume III Parts 1 and 2. South
America. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Schreiber, Katharina J.
1992 Wari
Imperialism in Middle Horizon Peru.
Anthropological Papers no. 87 , Museum of Anthropology, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Shimada, Izumi
1994 Pampa
Grande and the Mochica Culture.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Silverblatt, Irene
1987 Moon,
Sun, and Witches: Gender Ideologies and
Class in Inca and Colonial Peru.
Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Silverman, Helaine
1994 Cahuachi:
An Andean Ceremonial Center.
University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.
Stanish, Charles
1992 Ancient
Andean Political Economy.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Steward, Julian ed.
1963 Handbook
of South American Indians: Volume II,
the Andean Region. U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington DC.
Stone-Miller, Rebecca
1995 Art
of the Andes: From Chavin to Inca. Thames and Hudson, London.
Townsend, Richard editor
1992 The
Ancient Americas: Art from Sacred
Landscapes. Art Institute of
Chicago, Chicago.
Uhle, Max, 1856-1944.
1990 Pachacamac : report of the William
Pepper, M.D., LL.D, Peruvian expedition of 1896. University of Pennsylvania
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia.
Urton, Gary
1990 The
History of a Myth: Pacariqtambo and the Origin of the Inkas. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Von Hagen, Adriana and Craig Morris
1998 The Cities of the Ancient Andes.
Thames and Hudson, New York.
Wachtel, Nathan
1977 The
Vision of the Vanquished: The Spanish Conquest of Peru through Indian Eyes. Barnes and Noble, New York.
Willey, Gordon
1971 An
Introduction to American Archaeology: Volume Two, South America. Prentice‑Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Wilson, David J.
1999 Indigenous South Americans of the Past
and Present: An Ecological Perspective.
Westview Press, Boulder.
Winterhalder, Bruce P. and R. Brook
Thomas
1978 Geoecology
of Southern Highland Peru: A Human
Adaptation Perspective. Institute
of Arctic and Alpine Research, Occasional paper no. 27, University of Colorado,
Boulder.
Zuidema, R. Tom
1990 Inca
Civilization in Cuzco. University
of Texas Press, Austin.
Zuidema, R. Tom
1964 The
Ceque System of Cuzco: The Social Organization of the Capital of the Inca. E. J. Brill, Leiden.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
D'Altroy, Terence N.
1997 Recent Research on the Central Andes. Journal
of Archaeological Research. 5(1):3-73.
Burger, Richard L.
1989
An Overview of
Peruvian Archaeology (1976-1986). Annual Review of Anthropology 18:37-69.
Stanish, Charles
2001 The Origin of State Societies in South
America. Annual Review of Anthropology. 30:41-41.
SELECTED JOURNALS AND
PERIODICALS THAT COVER ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY:
Allpanchis (Cuzco)
American Antiquity
Andean Past
Antiquity
Archaeology
American Anthropologist
Baessler-Archiv
Boletin
del Instituto Frances de Estudios Andinos
Boletín
del Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Antropologia, Lima
Boletin
de Lima (Lima)
Chungara (Tarapacá)
Current
Anthropology
Dialogo
Andino (Tarapacá)
Discovering
Archaeology
Expedition
Gaceta
de Arqueológica Andina (Lima)
Journal of Field Archaeology
Journal
de la Société de Américanistes de Paris
Latin American Antiquity
National Geographic Research
Nawpa
Pacha
Pumapunku (La Paz)
RES
Revista
Andina (Cuzco)
Revista
del Museo Nacional (Lima)
Tawantinsuyu
Willay
Allen, Catherine
1988 The
Hold Life Has: Coca and Cultural
Identity in an Andean Community.
Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington D.C.
Bastien,
Joseph W.
1987 Healers
of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Bastien,
Joseph W.
1985 Mountain
of the Condor: Metaphor and Ritual in an Andean Ayllu. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, Il.
Bolin, Inge
1998 Rituals of Respect: The Secret of
Survival in the High Peruvian Andes. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Bolton, Ralph and Enrique Mayer eds.
1977 Andean
Kinship and Marriage. American
Anthropological Association Special Publication no. 7, Washington D.C.
Brush, Stephen
1977 Mountain,
Field, and Family: The Economy and
Human Ecology of an Andean Village.
University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia.
Denevan, William M.
2001 Cultivated Landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Flannery, Kent V., Joyce Marcus, and
Robert G. Reynolds
1989 The
Flocks of the Wamani: A Study of Llama
Herders on the Punas of Ayacucho, Peru.
Academic Press, New York.
Flores Ochoa, Jorge
1968 Pastoralists
of the Andes: The Alpaca Herders of
Paratia. Ishi, Philadelphia.
Gade, Daniel
1997 Nature
and Culture in the Andes. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.
Gelles, Paul H.
2000 Water and Power in Highland Peru: The Cultural Politics of Irrigation and Development. Rutgers University Press, Rutgers.
Guillet, David W.
1992 Covering
Ground: Communal Water Management and
the State in the Peruvian Highlands.
University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
Isbell, B. J.
1985 To
Defend Ourselves: Ecology and Ritual in
an Andean Village. Waveland Press,
Prospect Heights, Il.
Mayer, Enrique
2002 The Articulated Peasant: Household Economies in the Andes.
Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
Meyerson, Julia
1990 'Tambo:
Life in an Andean Village.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Morales, Edmundo
1989 Cocaine: White Gold Rush in Peru. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Sallnow, Michael J.
1987 Pilgrims
of the Andes: Regional Cults in Cusco.
Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington D.C.
Saloman, Frank and George L. Urioste
eds. and translators
1991 The
Huarochirí Manuscript: A Testament of
Ancient and Colonial Andean Religion.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Urton, Gary
1981 At
the Crossroads of the Earth and the Sky:
An Andean Cosmology.
University of Texas Press, Austin.
Urton, Gary
1997 The
Social Life of Numbers: A Quechua Ontology of Numbers and Philosophy of
Arithmetic. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Computer Database Sources for
Bibliography on Andean Archaeology:
Computer bibliographic
searches are easy using Franklin, RLIN, and other online databases [see Museum
and Van Pelt librarians for more information on how to use these search
capabilities].
·
Penn's
Franklin: http://www.franklin.library.upenn.edu/
·
Other Penn
Databases: http://www.library.upenn.edu/resources/catalogs/catalogs.html
Many important articles from
archaeological journal can be directly downloaded from the Web using Adobe
Acrobat
·
Anthropology and
Archaeology electronic journals: http://www.library.upenn.edu/resources/ej/ej-anthropology.html
Andean Archaeology on the Internet and the World
Wide Web:
There are hundreds of web sites
dedicated to archaeology. Many of these sites have information on Andean
Archaeology or links to information. I often use the following sites for up to
date information on archaeology:
·
Andean and
Tiwanaku Archaeology: Investigación Arqueológica en el Mundo Andino
·
Quipu: Institute of Andean
Studies
·
World
Atlas of Archaeology: South America Peru (About.com)
·
Museo Nacional
de Arqueología (La Paz, Bolivia)
·
Museo Nacional de
Arqueología, Antropología e Historia del Perú:
·
Ciudad Virtual de
Antropología y Arqueología, la Red NAyA, Noticias de Antropología y Arqueología.
·
Museo del Sitio de Pachacamac, Peru:
·
Huarochirí: A Peruvian Culture
in Time:
· Andean Web Ring Page (images of Andes):
· Cultures of the Andes (music, archaeology, history, culture, etc.)
· Internet Resources for South American Archaeology and Prehistory (ArchNet.com; not maintained but still useful)
· In Search Of Cultures Past: Cuzco, The Sacred Valley, And The Inka Trail:
· Exploring Chavin de Huantar: Archaeologist John Rick's virtual tour of an early Andean Ceremonial Center.
· Return of a Stolen Cultural Treasure to Peru : case study of looting of Moche sites in Peru, the international smuggling of gold objects, an FBI sting operation, and the return of a gold "backflap" to its home in Peru (U. of Pennsylvania Museum)
·
Fall 2001 The Northeast Conference on
Andean and Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory Web Site. The meetings will
be held on the campus of University of Western Ontario and Brescia College,
London, Ontario, Canada, Nov 3-4, 2001.
·
Society for American Archaeology:
·
Applied Archaeology:
Andes and Amazonia.