Prepared by Eli Alberts
1. Emphatic Negative (not a single, not at all, absolutely not)
一 measure word (object)+也/都+不/没
+verb+ (resultative complement)
Examples:
我一点儿也不想去看电影。
这些菜我一个也不喜欢。
学生餐厅的师傅我一个都不认识。
他一碗汤也没点。
我一点也不习惯美国的生活。
2. Resultative Complement (RC)
a. used with most action verbs—好(action completed as expected), 完(action finished), 错(action done incorrectly), 到(action reached the desired conclusion)
Examples:
功课做好了,我要睡觉了。
你找错钱了/我没找错钱。
我没有找到位子/我找到位子了。 (found seat)
对不起,糖醋鱼已经卖完了。(sold out)
b. used mainly with verbs of perception—见(heard or saw something), 懂(understood something heard or seen),清楚(heard or saw something clearly)
Examples:
对不起,你说的话我没听清楚。请你再说一次。
那个人是谁你看见了吗?
我听懂了你们说的话。
Since RC normally refers to action that has already been completed, the particle 了 is usually present in the sentence. The negative form is 没(有) Verb RC.
3. Comparisons of amount and time
多/少 +verb +specific amount + (object)
Action done more or less, earlier or later than expected, required, allowed, or in
comparison with others.
Examples:
你多找了我一块钱。
老师说要写五十个字,我写了四十五个。那我少写了几个字?
我比你多吃了五个饺子。
我比你少喝了三瓶啤酒。
4. adj.+极了=extremely adj.
Examples:
好极了,快极了,高兴极了,漂亮极了,帅极了,热极了,冷极了,有意思极了,好玩极了,好看极了,好吃极了,etc.
5. Adjective reduplication (an emphatic way to show one's appreciation of something)
Examples:
酸辣汤酸酸的,辣辣的,好喝极了。
红烧牛肉甜甜的,很好吃。