Gordion Research Bibliography

© Gordion Archaeological Project and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.

Bibliography originally compiled by G. K. Sams, expanded and updated by R.C. Henrickson (2001). Naomi F. Miller will be happy to add relevant publications of Gordion project members. If you notice typos or other errors, please let me know.

Most recent update: July 2023

NOTE: Most University of Pennsylvania dissertations are available through Penn Scholarly Commons, and the Architectural Conservation Laboratory maintains a list of Gordion masters theses.

A Å B C Ç D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Index


A [back to top]


Alaner, A. B. 2012. A Phrygian musical instrument (double-pipe) and the Phrygian mode. In Phrygians: In the Land of Midas, In the Shadow of Monuments (Frigler: Midas'ın ülkesinde, anıtların gölgesinde), eds. T. Sivas and H. Sivas, pp. 378-387. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Amrhein, Anastasia, Sophie Crawford Waters, Sam Holzman, and Kurtis Tanaka. 2016. The interaction of empires / İmparatorlukların etkileşimi. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 16-27. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Amrhein, Anastasia, Patricia Kim, and Lucas Stephens. 2016. The myth of Midas' Golden Touch / Midas'ın altın dokunuş efsanesi. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı , eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 56-59. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Anderson, Gunlog E. 1980. The Common Cemetery at Gordion. Ph.D. thesis, Bryn Mawr College.

Anderson, Gunlog E. 2012. In the shadow of Tumulus MM: The common cemetery and Middle Phrygian houses at Gordion. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 171-188. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Arslan, Melih. 1989. [Report on salvage excavation of the Mama Deresi tumulus] in Müze I.

Aslan, Carolyn. 2013. Review of Rose and Darbyshire (2011), The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion. The Classical Review 63: 564-566. [Link]

Aytuğ, Burhan. 1986. Kral Midas'la gömülen mobilyalar. Arkeometri Ünitesi Bilimsel Toplantı Bildirileri VI: 3-11. Ankara.

Aytuğ, Burhan. 1988. Le mobilier funéraire du roi Midas I. In Wood and Archaeology, Acts of the European Symposium, Louvain-la-Neuve, eds. T. Hackens, A.V. Munaut, C. Till. PACT 22: 357-368. Council of Europe, Strasbourg.

Aytuğ, Burhan and Ertuğrul Görcelioğlu. 1989. Gordion'daki 'P' Tümülüsü'nde Bulunmuş Mobilyalar. IV. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 49-59. Ankara.

Aytuğ, Burhan and S. Pehlivan. 1989. Gordion'daki 'P' Tümülüsü'nde bulunmuş mobilyalar -II- ve bazı odun eşyalar. Aksay Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Toplantı Bildirileri I:123-148. Ankara


Å [back to top]


Åkestrom, Åke. 1966. Die architektonischen Terrakotten Kleinasiens. Gordion terracottas, pp. 136-161. Lund.


B [back to top]


Ballard, Mary W. 2012. King Midas' Textiles and his golden touch. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 165-170. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Ballard, M., B. Burke, and E. Simpson. 2012. Gordion textiles. In Phrygians: In the Land of Midas, In the Shadow of Monuments (Frigler: Midas'ın ülkesinde, anıtların gölgesinde) , eds. T. Sivas and H. Sivas, pp. 360-375. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Barber, E. J. W. 1991. Prehistoric textiles: The development of cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, with special reference to the Aegean. Princeton. [Gordion textiles: pp. 18, 101-103, 197-198, 218-219, 225, 268n, 284, 291, 302, 318n, 389-390, 392]

Bedel, Banu. 2006. Revealing Gordion: A Case of Virtual Heritage Interpretation. Masters thesis, University of Cincinnati.

Bellinger, Louisa. 1962. Textiles from Gordion. Bulletin of the Needle and Bobbin Club 46: 5-34.

Bellinger, Alfred R. 1968. Electrum coins from Gordion. In Essays in Greek Coinage Presented to Stanley Robinson, eds. C.M. Kraay and G.K. Jenkins, pp. 10-15. Oxford.

Bennett, Julian and Andrew L. Goldman. 2009. A preliminary report on the Roman military presence at Gordion, Galatia. In Limes XX. XXth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies, eds. Ángel Morillo, Norbert Hanel, and Esperanza Martín, pp. 1605-1616. Madrid.

Berndt, Susanne. 2015. Cutting the Gordian knot. The iconography of Megaron 2 at Gordion. Opuscula 8: 99-122.

Biggs, David, Richard Liebhart, and Semih Gönen 2016. Conserving the tomb chamber complex in the Midas Mound at Gordion in Turkey. In Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions--Anamnesis, Diagnosis, Therapy, Controls, eds. Van Belen and Verstrynge. Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Blackman, M. James and Robert C. Henrickson. 1994. Ancient and modern clays and Phrygian pottery production at Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 98: 338.

Blanchette, Robert A. 1994. Deterioration processes in the Midas Mound tomb structure, furniture and coffin. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı, 185-187. Ankara

Blanchette, Robert and K. Cease, A. Abad, R. Koestler, E. Simpson, and G.K. Sams. 1991. An evaluation of different forms of deterioration found in archaeological wood. International Biodeterioration 28: 3-22. [link]

Blanchette, Robert and E. Simpson. 1992. Soft rot decay and wood pseudomorphs in an ancient coffin (700 B.C.) from Tumulus MM at Gordion, Turkey. International Association of Wood Anatomists 13(2): 201-213.

Bossert, Eva-Marie. 1993. Zur Datum der Zerstörung des phrygischen Gordion. Istanbuler Mitteilungen 43: 287-292.

Bostancı, Enver Y. 1962. Biometrical and morphological study of the astragalus calcaneus of the Roman people of Gordion in Anatolia. Ankara.

Börker-Klähn, Jutta. 1997. "Hereinspaziert--hineingeschaut!" Puppenspiel in Gordion? Antike Welt 28.5: 415-417.

Brixhe, Claude. 1981. Appendix I. In Gordion Excavations Reports, Vol. I: Three Great Early Tumuli [P, MM, W], Rodney S. Young et al. University Museum, Philadelphia.

Brixhe, Claude. 1995. Appendix A. In The Gordion Excavations (1950-1973) Final Reports, Vol. II, Part 1: The Lesser Phrygian Tumuli: The Inhumations, Ellen L. Kohler. University Museum, Philadelphia.

Brixhe, Claude and Michel Lejeune. 1984. Corpus des inscriptions paléo-phrygiennes. Paris. [Gordion: pp. 73-214]

Brown, Kristine Stuart. 1980. The Question of Near Eastern Textile Decoration of the Early First Millennium B.C. as a Source for Greek Vase Painting of the Orientalizing Style. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. [link]

Brownlee, Ann Blair. 2009. His Golden Touch. The Gordion drawings of Piet de Jong. Expedition 51(2): 39-44. [ link]

Burke, Brendan. 2001. Anatolian origins of the Gordian Knot legend. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 42: 255-261.

Burke, Brendan. 2005. Textile production at Gordion and the Phrygian economy. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 69-81. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Burke, Brendan. 2010. From Minos to Midas: Ancient cloth production in the Aegean and in Anatolia. Oxford and Oakville.

Burke, Brendan. 2012. The rebuilt citadel at Gordion: Building A and the Mosaic Building complex. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose, pp. 202-218. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.


C [back to top]


Carter, T. H. 1955. Collecting animal bones in Turkey. Bulletin of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 9 (November): 8-9.

Codella, Kim C. and Mary M. Voigt. 2023. Domestic architecture of Middle Phrygian Gordion. In From Midas to Cyrus and Other Stories. Papers on Anatolia in the Iron Age in Honour of Geoffrey and Françoise Summer, eds. C.M. Dracott, S. Branting, J. Lehner and Y. Ozarslan. BIAA Archaeological Monographs, Ankara.

Cook, J. M. and D. J. Blackman 1971. Archaeology in Western Asia Minor 1965-1970. Archaeological Reports for 1970-1971, 33-62; Gordion, 60-62.

Cox, Dorothy H. 1953. A Third Century Hoard of Tetradrachms from Gordion. University Museum Monograph. Philadelphia.

Cox, Dorothy H. 1966. Gordion hoards III, IV, V, and VII. American Numismatic Society, Museum Notes 12: 19-55.


Ç [back to top]


Çakırlar, Canan and John M. Marston 2017. Rural agricultural economies and military provisioning at Roman Gordion (Central Turkey). Environmental Archaeology.

Çiner, Refakat. 1971. Gordion Roma halki femur ve tibia'larının Tetkiki. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Yayınları No. 194].


D [back to top]


Dandoy, Jeremiah. 1996. Astragali, the ubiquitous gaming pieces. Expedition 38(1): 51-58. [link]

Dandoy, J.R., P. Selinsky and M. M. Voigt. 2002. Celtic sacrifice. [at Gordion] Archaeology 56.1: 44-47. [link]

Darbyshire, Gareth. 2007. Keith DeVries. Expedition 49(2): 6. [link]

Darbyshire, Gareth. 2009. Ellen Kohler. Expedition 51(2): 9-10. [link]

Darbyshire, Gareth. 2016. The role of science in Gordion's archaeology / Gordion arkeolojisinde bilimin rolu. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 64-69. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Darbyshire, Gareth, Kenneth W. Harl, and Andrew L. Goldman. 2009. "To the Victory of Caracalla." New Roman altars at Gordion. Expedition 51(2): 31-38. [link]

Darbyshire, Gareth and Gabriel H. Pizzorno. 2009a. Building digital Gordion. Expedition 51(2): 23-30. [link]

Darbyshire, Gareth and Gabriel H. Pizzorno. 2009b. Gordion in history. Expedition 51(2): 12-21. [link]

Del Bono, Elisa. 2011. Finding Visibility. The stabilization and display of Terrace Building Two. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 106-137. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Del Bono, Elisa. 2016. Architectural conservation at Gordion / Gordion'da mimari konservasyon. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 48-55. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

DeVries, Keith. [Published under name of R. S. Young] 1974. Gordion, 1973. Anatolian Studies 24: 31-32.

DeVries, Keith. 1979. Gordion 1978. Anatolian Studies 29: 197-198.

DeVries, Keith (ed.). 1980a. From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia. [Review: Sams 1982] [buy the book!]

DeVries, Keith. 1980b. Greeks and Phrygians in the Early Iron Age. In From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young, ed. K. DeVries, pp. 33-50. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia.

DeVries, Keith. 1981a. Gordion, 1979. Anatolian Studies 30: 213-214.

DeVries, Keith. 1981b. Gordion, 1980. Anatolian Studies 31: 186-187.

DeVries, Keith. 1983. Gordion, 1982. Anatolian Studies 33: 243-244.

DeVries, Keith. 1984. Gordion, 1983. Anatolian Studies 34: 214-215.

DeVries, Keith. 1985. Gordion work 1983. VI. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 273-277. Ankara.

DeVries, Keith. 1986. Gordion 1984. III. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, 261-266. Ankara.

DeVries, Keith. 1987a. Gordion work 1985. IV. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, 203-206. Ankara.

DeVries, Keith. 1987b. Phrygian Gordion before Midas. In Anatolian Iron Ages, ed. A. Çilingiroğlu, pp. 6-12. Izmir.

DeVries, Keith. 1988a. Gordion and Phrygia in the sixth century B.C. In Phrygian Art and Archaeology, special issue of Source: Notes in the History of Art VII, nos. 3/4, eds. Oscar White Muscarella, pp. 51-59. New York.

DeVries, Keith. 1988b. Gordion 1986. V(1). Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, 423-426. Ankara.

DeVries, Keith. 1989. Gordion Work, 1987. X(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 175-180. Ankara.

DeVries, Keith. 1990. The Gordion excavation seasons of 1969-1973 and subsequent research. American Journal of Archaeology 94: 371-406. [link]

DeVries, Keith. 1993. Greek pottery from Gordion in light of the new excavations. American Journal of Archaeology 97: 303.

DeVries, Keith. 1997. The Attic pottery from Gordion. In Athenian Potters and Painters, The Conference Proceedings, eds. John H. Oakley, William D.E. Coulson and Olga Palagia, pp. 447-455. Oxford.

DeVries, Keith. 2000. Gordion. Expedition 42(1): 18-20. [link]

DeVries, Keith. 2005. Greek pottery and Gordion chronology. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 36-55. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

DeVries, Keith. 2007. The date of the Destruction Level at Gordion: Imports and the local sequence. In Anatolian Iron Ages 6. The Proceedings of the Sixth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Eskişehir, 16-20 August 2004, eds. Altan Çilingiroğlu and Antonio Sagona, pp. 79-101. Peeters, Leuven, Paris and Dudley, Massachusetts.

DeVries, Keith. 2008. The Age of Midas at Gordion and beyond. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 45: 30-64.

DeVries, Keith. 2011a. The creation of the old chronology. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 13-22. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

DeVries, Keith. 2011b. Textual evidence and the Destruction Level. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 49-57. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

DeVries, K., P.I. Kuniholm, G.K. Sams and M.M. Voigt. 2003. New dates for Iron Age Gordion. Antiquity 77 (2003). [link]

DeVries, Keith and C. Brian Rose. 2012. The throne of Midas? Delphi and the power politics of Phrygia, Lydia, and Greece. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, eds. C.B. Rose, pp. 189-200. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Diakonoff, Igor M. and Neroznak, V.P. 1985. Phrygian Anatolian and Caucasian Studies. Caravan Books, Delmar, New York.

DiBattista, A. 2014. A Strontium Approach to Changes in Pastoral Strategy at Gordion. Unpublished BA thesis, Department of Archaeology, Boston University, Boston.

Dickey, Keith. 1993. The Gordion Regional Survey: Preliminary Report for 1987-1992. American Journal of Archaeology 97: 304.

Doğruluk, Mehmet and Mustafa Yanalak. 2021. Object-based modelling and accuracy assessment of Gordion tumuli using very high-resolution stereo satellite images. International Journal of Remote Sensing 42:19, 7239-7269.

Dorge, V. 1992. The Gordion Furniture Project or How I Spend My Summer Vacations. Canadian Conservation Institute Newsletter No. 9 (April).

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M. 2005. Gordion Special Studies III: Gordion Seals and Sealings: Individuals and Society. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [Buy the book!] Data and color photos can be downloaded from tDAR 'The Digital Archaeological Record' website.

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M. 2008. Circles of light and Achaemenid hegemonic style in Gordion's Seal 100. In Love for Lydia. A Sardis Anniversary Volume Presented to Crawford H. Greenewalt, Jr. , ed. Nicholas D. Cahill, pp. 87-98. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London.

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M. 2019. The collapse of empire at Gordion in the transition from the Achaemenid to the Hellenistic world. Anatolian Studies 69: 109-132.

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M. 2010. Anatolian crossroads: Achaemenid Seals from Sardis and Gordion. In The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East, eds. J.E. Curtis and St. J. Simpson, pp. 323-336. British Museum Press, London.

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M., Kathleen M. Lynch and Mary M. Voigt. 2019. A mid-6th Century BCE domestic deposit from Gordion in Central Anatolia: Evidence for feasting and the Persian Destruction. BASOR 382:143-209. [link]


E [back to top]


Ebbinghaus, Susanne. 2008. Patterns of elite interaction: Animal-headed vessels in Anatolia in the eighth and seventh centuries BC. In Anatolian Interfaces: Hittites, Greeks and their Neighbours. Proceedings of an International Conference on Cross-Cultural Interaction, September 17-19, 2004, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, eds. Billy Jean Collins et al., pp. 181-190. Oxford.

Ecemiş-Özbilen, Deniz. 2019. Gordion Archaeological Site and Museum: A Critique. M.A. Thesis, METU. Ankara.

Edwards, G. Roger. 1959a. Gordion campaign of 1958: Preliminary report. American Journal of Archaeology 63: 263-268. [link]

Edwards, G. Roger. 1959b. Gordion report--1958. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 9: 12-13.

Edwards, G. Roger. 1963a. Gordion--1962. Expedition 5(3): 42-48. [link]

Edwards, G. Roger. 1963b. Gordion [1962 campaign]. Anatolian Studies 13: 19-20.

Edwards, G. Roger. 1980. Postscript. In From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young, ed. in K. DeVries, pp. 159-168. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia.

Ellis, Richard. 1981. Appendix 5. In Gordion Excavation Reports, Vol. I: Three Great Early Tumuli [P, MM, W], by Rodney S. Young. University Museum, Philadelphia.

Erder, E. and Ayşe Gürsan-Salzmann. 2011. Defining context. A Conservation management plan for Gordion and its Environs. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 2-24. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Erder, Evin, Ayşe Gürsan-Salzmann, and Miller, Naomi F.
2013. A conservation management plan for Gordion and its Environs. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 15 (3-4): 329-347.

Expedition. 2000. Gordion, several articles. Expedition 42.2. [link]

Expedition. 2009. Gordion special issue. Expedition 51.2. [link]


F [back to top]


Falck, Lindsay and Betty Prime. 2011. Creating experience. Planning and designing the visitor circuit. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 48-65. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Fall, Patricia. 2012. Review of Miller (2010), Botanical Aspects of Environment and Economy. American Journal of Archaeology 116 (1), on line: [link]

Feugère, Michel. 2011. Review of Simpson (2010), The Gordion Wooden Objects, vol. 1. The Furniture from Tumulus MM. Instrumentum 34: 7.

Filley, T., R. Blanchette, E. Simpson, and M. Fogel. 2001. Nitrogen cycling by wood decomposing soft-rot fungi in the 'King Midas Tomb,' Gordion, Turkey. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98 (23): 13346-50.

Fleischman, John. 2000. Midas' feast. Discover 21(11): 70-75.

Friedrich, Johannes. 1941. Gordion. REA, columns 781-891.


G [back to top]


Gates, Charles, with contributions from Christine Eslick, Marie-Henriette Gates and Mary M. Voigt. 2020. Locus-Lot System: Guidelines for archaeological excavations. Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, Ankara. (In English and Turkish).

Gates, Marie-Henriette. 1994. Archaeology in Turkey. American Journal of Archaeology 98: 249-278. [Gordion p. 262]

Gates, Marie-Henriette. 1995. Archaeology in Turkey. American Journal of Archaeology 99. [Gordion pp. 227-228]

Gates, Marie-Henriette. 1996. Archaeology in Turkey. American Journal of Archaeology 100: 277-335. [Gordion pp. 307-308]

Gates, Marie-Henriette. 1997 Archaeology in Turkey. American Journal of Archaeology 101: 241-305. [Gordion pp. 272-274]

Gehrig, U. and. U. Peltz. 2008. Goldglänzende Meisterwerke. Die Bronzegefäße aus den Hügelgräbern in Gordion in der Antikensammlung Berlin. In Antike Welt 1: 34-35.

Giuliano, A. 1960. Gordion. Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica, Classica e Orientale III : 978-980. Rome

Glendinning, Matthew R. 1995. New work on the architectural terracottas from Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 99: 343-344.

Glendinning, Matthew R. 1996a. A mid-sixth-century tile roof system at Gordion. Hesperia 65 (1996) 99-119. [link]

Glendinning, Matthew R. 1996b. Phrygian Architectural Terracottas at Gordion. Ph.D. thesis, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill.

Glendinning, Matthew R. 2002. Recovering the lost art of Phyrgian tiling. Expedition 44(2): 28-35. [link]

Glendinning, Matt. 2005. A decorated roof at Gordion: What tiles are revealing about the Phrygian past. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians , ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 82-100. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Glendinning, Matt. 2007. Frig pişmiş toprak imari levhaları/Phrygian architectural terracottas. In Friglerin gizemli uyarlığı/The Mysterious Civilization of the Phrygians, pp. 181-187. Kültür ve Türizm Bakanlığı.Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Goldman, Andrew. 1997. A new military inscription from Gordion. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1996 Yıllığı, 45-57. Ankara.

Goldman, Andrew. 2000. The Roman-Period Settlement at Gordion, Turkey. Ph.D. thesis, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill.

Goldman, Andrew. 2001. A Roman town cemetery at Gordion, Turkey. Expedition 42(3): 3-4. [link]

Goldman, Andrew. 2002. A Rare Roman Trio. Octagonal Gemstones Excavated at Gordion. Expedition 44(3): 3-4. [link]

Goldman, Andrew L. 2005. Reconstructing the Roman-period Town at Gordion. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 56-68. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Goldman, Andrew L. 2007a. The Roman-period cemeteries at Gordion in Galatia. Journal of Roman Archaeology 20: 299-320.

Goldman, Andrew. 2007b. From Phrygian Capital to Rural Fort. New Evidence for the Roman Military at Gordion, Turkey. Expedition 49(3): 6-12. [link]

Goldman, Andrew L. 2017. New evidence for non-elite burial patterns in central Turkey. In Life and Death in Asia Minor in Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine Times, eds. J.R. Brandt, E. Hagelberg, G. Bjørnstad, and S. Ahrens, pp. 149-175. Studies in Funerary Archaeology 10. Oxbow, Oxford & Philadelphia.

Gonzalez, Lupe. 1989. Life at Gordion: In the Field - Summer 1988. The University Museum Newsletter 27(4): 1-3.

Goodman, Mark M. 2002. Site Preservation at Gordion, an Iron Age city in Anatolia. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 5.4: 195-212.

Gorman, Jessica. 2000. King Midas' Modern Mourners. Science News 158(19) (Nov. 4): 296-298.

Gönen, S., R. Liebhart, N.F. Miller, and E. Dusinberre 2018. Archaeology and conservation of the Middle Phrygian gate complex at Gordion. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 379: 55-85. [free link too]

Grave, Peter, Lisa Kealhofer, and Ben Marsh. 2005. Ceramic Compositional Analysis and the Phrygian Sanctuary at Dümrek. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 149-160. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Grave, Peter, Lisa Kealhofer, Ben Marsh, G. Kenneth Sams, Mary Voigt, and Keith DeVries 2009. Ceramic production and provenience at Gordion, Central Anatolia. Journal of Archaeological Science 36: 2162-2176. [link]

Greenewalt, Crawford H., Jr. 1966. Lydian Pottery of the Sixth Century B.C.: The Lydion and Marbled Ware. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]

Greenewalt, Crawford H., Jr. 2012. Gordion Through Lydian Eyes. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose, pp. 259-276. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Gunter, Ann C. 1991. Gordion Excavations Final Reports III: The Bronze Age. University Museum, Philadelphia.

Gunter, Ann C. 2006. Issues in Hittite Ceramic Production: A View from the Western Frontier. In Struktuierung und Datierung in der hethititischen Archäologie: Foraussetzungen-Probleme-Neue Ansätze, eds. Dirk Paul Mielke, Ulf-Dietrich Schoop, and Jürgen Seeher. Byzas 4: 349-363. Istanbul.

Gürsan-Salzman, Ayşe. 2001. The Women of Yassıhöyük, Turkey: Changing Roles in a New Economy. Expedition 43(3): 19-28. [link]

Gürsan-Salzmann, Ayşe. 2005. Ethnographic Lessons for Past Agro-Pastoral Systems in the Sakarya-Porsuk Valleys. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 172-189. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Gürsan-Salzman, Ayşe. 2010. A Conservation Management Plan for Preserving Gordion and Its Environs. Expedition 52(1): 4-7. [link]

Gürsan-Salzman, Ayşe. 2012. Gordion: etnoarkeolojik veriler ışığında sosyo-ekonomik yapı. Gordion: socio-economic structure in light of ethnoarchaeological data. In Frigler: Midas'ın ülkesinde, anıtların gölgesinde / Phrygians: In the Land of Midas, in the Shadow of Monuments, eds. T. Tüfekçi Sivas and H. Sivas, pp. 78-109. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Gürtekin-Demir, R. Gül. 2007. Provincial Productions of Lydian Painted Pottery. In Anatolian Iron Ages 6. The Proceedings of the Sixth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Eskişehir, 16-20 August 2004, eds. Altan Çilingiroğlu and Antonio Sagona, pp. 47-77. Peeters, Leuven, Paris and Dudley, Massachusetts.

Güterbock, Hans G. 1974. Kleine Beiträge zum Verständnis der Ankara-Reliefs. Baghdader Mitteilungen 7: 97-99.

Güterbock, Hans G. 1980. Seals and Sealings in Hittite Lands. In From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young, , eds. Keith DeVries, pp. 51-63. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia


H [back to top]


Henrickson, Robert C. 1993a. Politics, Economics, and Ceramic Continuity at Gordion in the late Second and First Millennia B.C. In Social and Cultural Contexts of New Ceramic Technologies. Ceramics and Civilization VI, ed. W.D. Kingery, pp. 89-176. Westerville, Ohio.

Henrickson, Robert C. 1993b. Pottery, Politics, and Ethnicity at Gordion in the Middle Phrygian through Hellenistic Periods (700-150 B.C.). American Journal of Archaeology 97: 303.

Henrickson, Robert C. 1994. Continuity and Discontinuity in the Ceramic Tradition of Gordion during the Iron Age. In Anatolian Iron Ages 3: The Proceedings of the Third Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Van, 6-12 August 1990, eds. A. Çilingiroğlu and D.H. French, pp. 95-129. Ankara.

Henrickson, Robert C. 1995a. A Comparison of Production of Large Storage Vessels in Two Ancient Ceramic Traditions. In Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology IV. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 352, eds. P.B. Vandiver, J. Druzik, J.L. Galvan, I.A. Freestone, and G.S. Wheeler et al., pp. 553-571. Pittsburgh.

Henrickson, Robert C. 1995b. Hittite Potters and Pottery: The View from Late Bronze Age Gordion. Biblical Archaeology 58(2): 82-90. [link]

Henrickson, Robert C. 2005. The Local Potter's Craft at Phrygian Gordion. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 124-135. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Henrickson, Robert C. and M. James Blackman. 1996. Large-Scale Production of Pottery at Gordion: A Comparison of the Late Bronze and Early Phrygian Industries. Paléorient 22.1: 67-87. [link]

Henrickson, Robert C. and M. James Blackman. 1999. Hellenistic Production of Terracotta Roof Tiles Among the Ceramic Industries at Gordion. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18(3): 307-326. [link]

Henrickson, Robert C. et al. 2002. Lustrous Black Fine Ware at Gordion, Turkey: A Distinctive Sintered Slip Technology. Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology VI: 391-399. Washington.

Henrickson, R.C. 2007. Frig çanak çömleği/ Phrygian pottery. In Friglerin gizemli uyarlığı/The Mysterious Civilization of the Phrygians, pp. 189-200. Kültür ve Türizm Bakanlığı.Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Henrickson, Robert C., and Mary M. Voigt. 1998. The Early Iron Age at Gordion: The Yassıhöyük Stratigraphic Sequence. In Thracians and Phrygians: Problems of Parallelism (Proceedings of an International Symposium on the Archaeology, History, and Ancient Languages of Thrace and Phrygia [Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 2-6 June 1995]), eds. Numan Tuna, Zeynep Aktüre, and Maggie Lynch, pp. 79-107. Centre for the Research and Assessment of the Historic Environment. Middle Eastern Technical University (METU), Faculty of Architecture Press, Ankara.

Hickman, Jane. 2016. Gold the first day / İlk günde altın. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 60-63. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Hillen, C. 1956. Review of Young, Gordion-1950 and Progress at Gordion--1951-1952. Bibliotheca Orientalis 13, nos. 5-6 (Sept.-Nov.): 232-233.

Holloway, R. Ross. 1957. A Terracotta from Gordion and the Traditions of the Seated Kybele. M.A. thesis, University of Pennsylvania.

Holzman, S. 2015. The Phrygian mode and archaeomusicology at Gordion. Expedition 57 (3): 45.

Holzman, S. 2016. Tortoise-shell lyres from Phrygian Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 120: 537-564.

Holzman, Sam. 2019. Unfolding a geometric textile from 9th-century Gordion. Hesperia 88: 527-556.


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Il, Özgür. 2009. Tumuli Asiae Minoris: Untersuchung zu den phrygischen und lydischen Tumulusgräbern der Eisenzeit im zentralen und westlichen Kleinasien. Ph.D. thesis, Heidelberg.


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Johnston, Robert. 1970. Pottery Practices at Gordion, Central Anatolia during the 8th to 6th Centuries B.C. An Analyzing and Synthesizing Study. Ph.D. thesis, Pennsylvania State University.

Jones, Janet Duncan. 1993. Core-Formed Glass Vessels from Gordion: Luxury Goods from the West. American Journal of Archaeology 97: 303-304.

Jones, Janet Duncan. 1995. Classical and Hellenistic Core-Formed Vessels from Gordion. Journal of Glass Studies 37: 21-33.

Jones, Janet D. 2005. Glass Vessels from Gordion: Trade and Influence Along the Royal Road. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 101-116. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Jones, Janet Duncan. 2009a. Did the Phrygians Make Glass? Sources of Molded Glass at Iron Age and Hellenistic Gordion. Annales du 16e Congrès de l'Association Internationale pour l'Histoire du Verre, 25-32. Antwerp.

Jones, Janet D. 2009b. Did the Phrygians Make Glass? Sources of Mounded Glass at Iron Age and Hellenistic Gordion. In Annales of the 17th Congress of the International Association for the History of Glass, 2006, ed. K. Janssens et al., pp. 21-26 Antwerp.


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Kayacık, H. and B. Aytuğ. 1968. Recherches au point de vue forestier sur les matériaux en bois du tombeau royal de Gordion. Istanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Series A, Vol. XVIII, fasc. 1: 1-18.

Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, now online, look for annual Gordion reports there, as I might miss some.

Kealhofer, Lisa (ed.). 2005. The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians: Recent Work at Gordion. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [Review: Roller (2006)] [buy the book!]

Kealhofer, Lisa. 2005. Settlement and Land Use: The Gordion Regional Survey. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 137-148. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Kealhofer, Lisa, Peter Grave, and Mary M. Voigt. 2019. Dating Gordion: the timing and tempo of Late Bronze and Early Iron Age political transformation. Radiocarbon.

Kealhofer, Lisa, Peter Grave and Mary M. Voigt. 2022. Ancient Gordion. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Kealhofer, Lisa and Ben Marsh 2019. Agricultural impact and political economy: Niche construction in the Gordion Region, central Anatolia. Quaternary International. Also online DOI.

Keller, Meredith A. 2009. The Early Phrygian Gate at Gordion, Turkey: An Investigation of Dry Stone Masonry in Seismic Regions and Recommendations for Stabilization. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Keller, Meredith. 2011. Measuring Stability. Construction, Condition, and the Future of Gordion's Early Phrygian Gate. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 66-106. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Keller, Meredith and Frank G. Matero, eds. 2011. Gordion Awakened. Conserving a Phrygian Landscape / Canlanan Gordion: Frig Peyzajının Korunması. The Architectural Conservation Laboratory Monograph Series 1, Gordion Site Conservation Project. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Kim, Patricia, C. Brian Rose, Sam Holzman, and Kathryn Morgan. 2016. The legacy of Phrygian culture / Frig kültürü mirası. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağ ı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 40-47. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Knudsen, Ann K. 1961. A Study of the Relationship between Phrygian Metalwork and Pottery in the 8th and 7th Centuries B.C. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]

Kohler, Ellen L. 1958. A Study of Wood and Ivory Carvings at Gordion, Phrygia (ca. 750-500). Ph.D. thesis, Bryn Mawr College.

Kohler, Ellen L. 1962. Ivory Horse-Trappings from Gordion -- 1961. American Journal of Archaeology 66: 198.

Kohler, Ellen L. 1964. Phrygian Animal Style and Nomadic Art. In Dark Ages and Nomads c. 1000: Studies in Iranian and Anatolian Archaeology, ed. Machteld J. Mellink, pp. 58-62. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, Istanbul.

Kohler, Ellen L. 1980. Cremations of the Middle Phrygian Period at Gordion. In From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young, ed. Keith DeVries, pp. 65-89. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia.

Kohler, Ellen L. 1995. The Gordion Excavations (1950-1973) Final Reports, Vol. II, Part 1: The Lesser Phrygian Tumuli: The Inhumations. University Museum, Philadelphia. [Review: Summers, 1998] [buy the book!]

Kohler, Ellen L. and Elizabeth K. Ralph. 1961. C-14 Dates for Sites in the Mediterranean Area. American Journal of Archaeology 65: 360-363. [link]

Körte, Alfred. 1897. Kleinasiatische Studien II. Gordion und der Zug des Manlius gegen die Galater. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung 22: 1-51, esp. 1-28.

Körte, Gustav and Alfred Körte. 1904. Gordion: Ergebnisse der Ausgrabung im Jahre 1900. [Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Ergänzungsheft 5] Berlin. [link]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1977. Dendrochronology at Gordion and on the Anatolian Plateau. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1988. Dendrochronology and Radiocarbon Dates for Gordion and Other Phrygian Sites. In Phrygian Art and Archaeology, ed. Oscar White Muscarella, pp. 5-8. [Special issue of Source: Notes in the History of Art VII, nos. 3/4]. New York.

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1991. Aegean Dendrochronology Project: 1989-1990 Results. VI. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 127-138. Ankara. [Gordion 130-131]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1992. A 1503-Year Chronology for the Bronze and Iron Ages: 1990-1991 Progress Report of the Aegean Dendrochronology Project. VII. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 121-130. Ankara. [Gordion Kızlarkaya tumuli 123; Gordion Tumulus MM 128-129]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1993a. Aegean Dendrochronology Project Extensions to the Long Chronologies. VIII. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 453-464. Ankara. [Gordion 453, 457]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1993b. A Millennium of Tree Rings at Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 97: 303.

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1996. Aegean Dendrochronology Project: 1994-1995. XI. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 189-201. Ankara. [Gordion Tumulus Z 196]

Kuniholm, Peter I. 1997. Aegean Dendrochronology Project: 1995-1996. XII. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı: 163-175. Ankara. [Gordion Tumulus B 166]

Kuniholm, Peter Ian and Maryanne W. Newton, with Richard F. Liebhart. 2011. Dendrochronology at Gordion. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 79-122. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.


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Lawall, Mark L. 2008. Rhodian amphora stamps from Gordion, 189 BC. In Philias Charin: Mélanges à la mémoire de Niculae Conovici, Calaş, Romania, eds. A. Avram, V. Lungu, and M. Neagu, pp. 111-120.

Lawall, Mark L. 2011. Pontic, Aegean and Levantine amphoras at Gordion. In PATABS I. Production and Trade of Amphorae in the Black Sea, Actes de la Table Ronde internationale de Batoumi et Trabzon, 27-29 Avril 2006 , eds. D. Kassab Tezgör and N. Inaishvili, pp. 159-165. (). Varia Anatolica 21). Istanbul.

Lawall, Mark L. 2012. Pontic Inhabitants at Gordion? Pots, People, and Plans of Houses at Middle Phrygian through Early Hellenistic Gordion. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 219-224. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Lejeune, Michel. 1970. Les inscriptions de Gordion et l'alphabet phrygien. Kadmos 9:51-74.

Le Roy, C. 1985. Review of Young, Three Great Early Tumuli (1981). Revue archéologique (1985) 334-337.

Liebhart, Richard F. 1988. Timber Roofing Spans in Greek and Near Eastern Monumental Architecture during the Early Iron Age Ph.D. thesis, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill. [Chapt. 9: Phrygian Gordion, 102-131]

Liebhart, Richard F. 1994. The Gordion Wood Conference, July 2-7, 1993: Tumulus MM. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı: 188-191. Ankara.

Liebhart, Richard F. 2010. The Tomb Chamber Complex in Tumulus MM at Gordion. In Tatarlı: Renklerin Dönüşü / The Return of Colors / Rückkehr der Farben, eds. Lâtife Summerer and Alexander von Kienlin, pp. 268-279. Istanbul.

Liebhart, Richard. 2012. Phrygian Tomb Architecture: Some Observations on the 50th Anniversary of the Excavations of Tumulus MM. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 128-147. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Liebhart, Richard F. and Claude Brixhe. 2009. The Recently Discovered Inscriptions from Tumulus MM at Gordion: A Preliminary Report. Kadmos 48: 141-156.

Liebhart, Richard, Gareth Darbyshire, Evin Erder, and Ben Marsh. 2016. A fresh look at the tumuli of Gordion. In Tumulus as Sema. Space Politics, Culture and Religion in the First Millennium BC, eds. O. Henry and U. Kelp, Part I, pp. 627-636, pls. 312-323. Topoi Berlin Studies of the Ancient World 27. De Gruyter, Berlin.

Liebhart, Richard F. and Jessica S. Johnson. 2005. Support and Conserve: Conservation and Environmental Monitoring of the Tomb Chamber of Tumulus MM. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 191-203. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Liebhart, Richard and Lucas Stephens. 2016. Tumulus MM: Fit for a king / Tümülüs MM: Krallara layık. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 28-39. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Lim, Alex B. 2011. Greening Surface. Vegetative Capping of Masonry Walls. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 180-215. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Lindström, Gunvor. 2006. Review of Dusinberre (2005), Gordion Seals and Sealings. Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan 38: 381-384.

Longford, Catherine. 2012. Review of Miller, Botanical Aspects of Environment and Economy at Gordion, Turkey. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 49:236-238.

Lynch, Kathleen M. 2016. Gordion cups and other Attic black-figure cups at Gordion in Phrygia. In The Consumer's Choice, Uses of Greek Figure-Decorated Pottery, eds. T.H. Carpenter, E. Langridge-Noti, and M.D. Stansbury-O'Donnell, pp. 41-63. Archaeological Institute of America, Boston.


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McClellan, Joanna F. 1975. The Iron Objects from Gordion, A Typological and Functional Analysis. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]

McGovern, Patrick E. 2000. The Funerary Banquet of 'King Midas'. Expedition 42(1): 21-29. [link]

McGovern, Patrick E. 2017. Midas Touch: An elixir fit for a Middle Eastern king. In Ancient Brews Rediscovered and Recreated, by P.E. McGovern, pp. 25-53 (chapter 2). W.W. Norton and Company, New York.

McGovern, Patrick E., Donald L. Glusker, Robert A. Moreau, Alberto Nuñez, Curt W. Beck, Elizabeth Simpson, Eric D. Butrym, Lawrence J. Exner, and Edith C. Stout. 1999. A Funerary Feast Fit for King Midas. Nature 402: 863-864.

Manning, S.W., Kromer, B., Bronk Ramsey, C., Pearson, C.L., Talamo, S., Trano, N. and Watkins, J.D. 2010. 14C Record and Wiggle-Match Placement for the Anatolian (Gordion Area) Juniper Tree-Ring Chronology ~1729 to 751 Cal BC, and typical Aegean/Anatolian (growing season related) regional 14C offset assessment. Radiocarbon 52(4): 1571-1597.

Manning, Sturt W. and Bernd Kromer. 2011. Radiocarbon dating Iron Age Gordion and the Early Phrygian Destruction. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 123-153. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Marsh, Ben. 1999. Alluvial Burial of Gordion, An Iron-Age City in Anatolia. Journal of Field Archaeology 26: 163-176. [link]

Marsh, Ben. 2005. Physical Geography, Land Use, and Human Impact at Gordion. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 161-171. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Marsh, Ben. 2012. Reading Gordion Settlement History from Stream Sedimentation. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 39-45. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Marsh, Ben and Lisa Kealhofer 2014. Scales of impact: Settlement history and landscape change in the Gordion region, central Anatolia. The Holocene 2014: 1-13. doi: 10.1177/0959683614526937 [link]

Marston, John M. 2009. Modeling Wood Acquisition Strategies from Archaeological Charcoal Remains. Journal of Archaeological Science 36: 2192-2200. [link]

Marston, John M. 2010. Evaluating Risk, Sustainability, and Decision Making in Agricultural and Land-use Strategies at Ancient Gordion. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.

Marston, John M. 2011. Archaeological Markers of Agricultural Risk Management. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 30: 190-205. [link]

Marston, John M. 2012. Reconstructing the Functional Use of Wood at Phrygian Gordion through Charcoal Analysis. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 47-54. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Marston, John M. 2015. Modeling Resilience and Sustainability in Ancient Agricultural Systems. Journal of Ethnobiology 35: 585-605. [link]

Marston, John M.
2017. Agricultural Sustainability and Environmental Change at Ancient Gordion. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [buy the book!]

Marston, John M. and Naomi F. Miller2014. Intensive Agriculture and Land Use at Roman Gordion, Central Turkey. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23: 761-773.

Massa, Michele. 2018. Review of Marston (2017), Agricultural sustainability and environmental change at ancient Gordion . Antiquity 543-545.

Matero, Frank G. 2011. Resurrecting Place. Conservation as Interpretation and Display of a Phrygian Capital. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp.26-47. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Matero, Frank. 2012. Resurrecting Gordion: Conservation as Interpretation and Display of a Phrygian Capital. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 227-241. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Matero, Frank G. and C. Brian Rose. 2011. Resurrecting Gordion. Preserving Turkey's Phrygian Capital. Expedition 53(1): 21-29. [link]

Matero, Frank G., C. Brian Rose, and G. Kenneth Sams. 2011. Beginnings. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. x-?. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1955. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 59: 231-240. [Gordion p. 235]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1956. A Hittite Cemetery at Gordion. University Museum Monograph. Philadelphia. [Review: Pohl (1957)].

Mellink, Machteld J. 1958. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 62: 91-104. [Gordion p.98]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1959a. The City of Midas. Scientific American (July): 100-112.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1959b. Phrygian Archaeology in the Light of the New Gordion Excavations. Akten Int. Orient. Kongr. 1957: 173-174.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1959c. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal ofArchaeology 63: 73-85. [Gordion p. 79]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1960a. An Archaic Fresco found at Gordion in Asia Minor. Yearbook of the American Philosophical Society, 563-565.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1960b. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 64: 57-69. [Gordion p. 64]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1962. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 66: 71-85. [Gordion pp. 78-79]

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Mellink, Machteld J. 1965a. Mita, Mushki, and Phrygians. Anadolu Araştırmaları 2: 317-325.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1965b. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 69: 133-149. [Gordion p. 143]

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Mellink, Machteld J. 1978. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 82: 315-338. [Gordion p. 322]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1980. Archaic Wall Paintings from Gordion. In From Athens to Gordion: The Papers of a Memorial Symposium for Rodney S. Young, ed. Keith DeVries, pp. 91-98. University Museum Papers 1. Philadelphia.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1983a. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 85: 463-479. [Gordion p. 470]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1983b. Comments on a Cult Relief of Kybele from Gordion. In Beiträge zur Altertumskunde Kleinasiens: Festschrift für Kurt Bittel, eds. R.M. Boehmer and H. Hauptmann, pp. 349-360. Mainz.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1983c. Archaeology in Asia Minor. American Journal of Archaeology 87: 427-442. [Gordion pp. 435-436]

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Mellink, Machteld J. 1988. The Persian Empire: Anatolia. Cambridge Ancient History IV (2nd Ed. 1988), 211-233 (esp. 228-230).

Mellink, Machteld J. 1989. Archaeology in Anatolia. American Journal of Archaeology 93: 105-133. [Gordion p. 119]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1990. Archaeology in Anatolia. American Journal of Archaeology 94: 125-151. [Gordion pp. 132-133]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1991a. The Native Kingdoms of Anatolia. In The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. III, Pt. 2, 619-665. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Mellink, Machteld J. 1991b. Archaeology in Anatolia. American Journal of Archaeology 95: 123-153. [Gordion pp.138-141]

Mellink, Machteld J. 1992. Archaeology in Anatolia. American Journal of Archaeology 96: 119-150. [Gordion pp. 136-137]

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METU [Middle East Technical University]. 1965. Yassıhöyük: A Village Study. METU, Ankara.

Miller, Naomi F. 1993. Plant Use at Gordion: Archaeobotanical Research from the 1988-1989 Seasons. American Journal of Archaeology 97: 304.

Miller, Naomi F. 1994. Some Botanical Considerations for the Conservation and Preservation of Tumulus MM at Gordion. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı: 181-184. Ankara.

Miller, Naomi F. 1998. Archaeobotanists Preserve Midas's Wealth. Anthropology Newsletter 39(4): 14-15.

Miller, Naomi F. 1999a. Interpreting Ancient Environment and Land Use: Seeds, Charcoal and Archaeological Context. [at Gordion] TÜBA-AR 2: 15-29.

Miller, Naomi F. 1999b. Erosion, Biodiversity, and Archaeology: Preserving the Midas Tumulus at Gordion/Erozyon, Bioçeşitlilik ve Arkeoloji, Gordion'daki Midas Höyüğü'nun Korunması. Arkeoloji ve Sanat 93: 13-19 + plate.

Miller, Naomi F. 2000. Plants in the Service of Archaeological Preservation. Expedition 42(1): 30-36. [link]

Miller, Naomi F. 2002. Drawing on the Past, An Archaeologist's Sketchbook. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [includes large section on Gordion project] [buy the book!]

Miller, Naomi F. 2009. Past, Present and Future of the Landscape in the Land of King Midas: Gordion, Turkey. Oriental Institute, University of Chicago. [video]

Miller, Naomi F. 2010. Botanical Aspects of Environment and Economy at Gordion, Turkey. Gordion Special Studies V. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [Reviews: Fall 2012; Longford 2012; Wallace 2012] [buy the book!] Data and color photos can be downloaded from tDAR 'The Digital Archaeological Record' website.

Miller, Naomi F. 2011a. Managing Predictable Unpredictability: The Question of Agricultural Sustainability at Gordion. In Sustainable Lifeways: Cultural Persistence in an Ever-changing Environment, eds. N.F. Miller, K.M. Moore, and K. Ryan, pp. 310-324. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Miller, Naomi F. 2011b. Gordion: Open-Air Archaeological Site as Garden, Historical Landscape as Park. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [video]

Miller, Naomi F. 2012. Working with Nature to Preserve Site and Landscape at Gordion. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. [buy the book!] pp. 243-258. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Miller, Naomi F. 2015. Gordion. In The Archaeology of Food: An Encyclopedia, vol. 1, eds. Mary Beaudry and Karen Metheny, pp. 239-241. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland.

Miller, Naomi F. 2019. Historic landscape and site preservation at Gordion, Turkey: an archaeobotanist's perspective. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 28: 357-364.

Miller, Naomi F. and Kurt Bluemel. 1999. Plants and Mudbrick: Preserving the Midas Tumulus at Gordion, Turkey. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 3: 225-237. [link]

Miller, Naomi F. and Ayşe Gürsan Salzmann. 2016. Goat to Sweater. [blogpost video or direct to YouTube]

Miller, Naomi F., Kimberly E. Leaman, and Julie Unruh. 2006. Serendipity. Secrets of the Mudballs. Expedition 48(3): 40-41. [link]

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Musacarella, Oscar White. 2008. Again Gordion's Early Phrygian Destruction Date: ca. 700 +/- B.C. In Studies in Honour of Aykut Çınaroğlu, eds. Elif Genç and Duygu Çelik, pp. 175-186. Ankara.

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Roller, Lynn E. 1987b. Hellenistic Epigraphic Texts from Gordion. Anatolian Studies 37: 103-133. [link]

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Roller, Lynn E. 2012. Pictures in Stone: Incised Drawings on Early Phrygian Architecture. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 101-110. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Roller, Lynn E. and Andrew Goldman. 2002. A Latin Epitaph from Gordion. ZPE 141: 215-220.

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Rose, C. Brian. 2015. Gordion 2013. 36. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 1: 491-498. Ankara.

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Rose, C. Brian. 2016b. The next decade at Gordion / Gordion'un gelecek on yılı. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 76-79. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

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Rose, C. Brian and Gareth Darbyshire, eds. 2011. The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [buy the book!] [Review: Aslan 2013; Muscarella 2012; Summers 2013; Yakar 2013]

Rose, C. Brian and Gareth Darbyshire. 2016. The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. [Buy the book!]

Rose, C. Brian and Ayşe Güsan-Salzmann 2016. Gordion 2015. 38. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 1: 165-178. Ankara.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 1969. The Pottery Industry of Gordion at the Time of the Kimmerian Invasion. American Journal of Archaeology 73: 244-245.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 1982. Review of DeVries, From Athens to Gordion (1980) in American Journal of Archaeology 86: 597.

Sams, G. Kenneth. 1988. The Early Phrygian Period at Gordion: Toward a Cultural Identity. In Phrygian Art and Archaeology, ed. Oscar White Muscarella, special issue of Source: Notes in the History of Art VII, nos. 3/4: 9-15. New York.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 1989-1990. Eski ve Yeni Gordion Kazıları / Excavations at Gordion, Old and New. Müze / Museum 2-3 (1989-1990) 80-86.

Sams, G. Kenneth. 1992. Work at Gordion in 1990. XIII(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 471-480. Ankara.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 1994a. Aspects of Early Phrygian Architecture at Gordion. In Anatolian Iron Ages 3: The Proceedings of the Third Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Van, 6-12 August 1990, eds. A. Çilingiroğlu and D.H. French, pp. 211-220. Ankara.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 2005. Gordion. Explorations over a Century. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 12-21. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

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Sams, G. Kenneth. 2012. The New Chronology for Gordion and Phrygian Pottery. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 56-66. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Sams, G. Kenneth. 2012. Friglerin başkenti Gordion ve mimarı yapıları. Gordion, the capital city of the Phrygians and its buildings. In Frigler: Midas'ın ülkesinde, anıtların gölgesinde / Phrygians: In the Land of Midas, in the Shadow of Monuments, eds. T. Tüfekçi Sivas and H. Sivas, pp. pp. 52-75. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

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Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M.Voigt. 1995 Gordion Archaeological Activities 1993. XVI(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 369-392. Ankara.

Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M.Voigt. 1996. Gordion Archaeological Activities, 1994. XVII(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 433-452. Ankara.

Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M.Voigt. 1997. Gordion 1995. XVIII(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 475-497. Ankara.

Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M.Voigt. 1998. Gordion 1996. XIX(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 681-701. Ankara.

Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M.Voigt. 1999. Gordion Archaeological Activities, 1997. XX(1). Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 559-576. Ankara.

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Sams, G. Kenneth and Mary M. Voigt. 2011. In conclusion. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, pp. 155-168. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Schaus, Gerald P. 1992. Imported West Anatolian Pottery at Gordion. Anatolian Studies 42: 151-177. [link]

Schniewind, Arno P. 1994. Hardness Tests on Samples of the Wooden Furniture from Gordion. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı, 194-195. Ankara.

Scurr, D. 1989. The Mask of Midas. Aramco World 40, no. 5 (Sept.-Oct.): 36-40.

Selinsky, Page. 2005. A Preliminary Report on the Human Skeletal Material from Gordion's Lower Town Area. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 117-123. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Selinsky, P. 2012. Celtic Ritual Activity at Gordion, Turkey: Evidence from Mortuary Contexts and Skeletal Analysis. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. DOI: 10.1002/oa.2279 [link].

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Simpson, Elizabeth. 2001. Celebrating Midas. Archaeology 55.4 (July/August): 25-34.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 1983. Reconstructing an Ancient Table: The 'Pagoda Table' from Tumulus MM at Gordion. Expedition 25(4): 11-26. [link]

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Simpson, Elizabeth. 1988. The Phrygian Artistic Intellect. in Oscar White Muscarella (ed.), Phrygian Art and Archaeology [Special issue of Source: Notes in the History of Art VII, nos. 3/4, pp. 24-42. New York.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 1990. 'Midas' Bed' and a Royal Phrygian Funeral. Journal of Field Archaeology 17: 69-87.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 1993. A Carved Stretcher from the Big Tumulus at Gordion. in M. J. Mellink et al. (eds.), Aspects of Art and Iconography: Anatolia and its Neighbors. Studies in Honor of Nimet Özgüç, 569-572. Ankara.

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Simpson, E. 1995. Gordion Furniture Conservation, 1994 Season: Preliminary Report. Annual of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, 1994, 214-27. Ankara.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 1996a. Gordion Furniture Conservation: 1995 Season Preliminary Report. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1995 Yıllığı, 1996, 327-340. Ankara.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 1996b. Phrygian Furniture from Gordion. in G. Herrmann (ed.), The Furniture of Western Asia: Ancient and Modern, 187-208. P. von Zabern, Mainz.

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Simpson, E. 1998. Symbols on the Gordion Screens. In Proceedings of the XXXIVème Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Istanbul, l987, 629-639. Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara.

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Simpson, E. 1999c. Early Evidence for the Use of the Lathe in Antiquity. In Meletemata: Studies in Aegean Archaeology Presented to Malcolm H. Wiener, eds. P. Betancourt, et al., pp. 781-785. Université de Liège and University of Texas, Liège and Austin.

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Simpson, E. 2003. The Conservation of the Wooden Objects from Gordion, Turkey: Methods for the Treatment of Dry Archaeological Wood. In Art, Biology and Conservation: Biodeterioration of Works of Art, ed. R. Koestler et. al., pp. 358-369. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Simpson, E. 2008. Banquet Tables at Gordion. In Aykut Çınaroğlu'na Armağan: Studies in Honour of Aykut Çınaroğlu, eds. by E. Genç and D. Çelik, pp. 135-155. Ekici Form Ofset, Ankara.

Simpson, E. 2010a. The Gordion Wooden Objects, Volume 1: The Furniture from Tumulus MM. Brill, Leiden.

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Simpson, Elizabeth. 2012a. Royal Phrygian Furniture and Fine Wooden Artifacts from Gordion. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 149-164. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Simpson, Elizabeth.. 2012b. Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts. In Phrygians: In the Land of Midas, In the Shadow of Monuments (Frigler: Midas'ın Ülkesinde, Anıtların Gölgesinde), eds. T. Sivas and H. Sivas, pp. 334-357. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Simpson, Elizabeth. 2016. King Midas' furniture / Kral Midas'ın mobilyaları. In The Golden Age of King Midas, Exhibition Catalog / Kral Midas'ın altın çağı, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 70-75. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Simpson, E. 2014. A Parasol from Tumulus P at Gordion. In Studies in Honor of Engin Özgen (Armizzi: Engin Özgen'e Armağan), eds. A. Engin, B. Helwing, and B. Uysal, pp. 237-246. Asitan Kitap, Ankara.

Simpson, Elizabeth and Robert Payton. 1986. Royal Wooden Furniture from Gordion. Archaeology 39(6): 41-47.

Simpson, Elizabeth, and Krysia Spirydowicz. 1999. Gordion Ahsap Eserler/Wooden Furniture. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara. [Buy the book!]

Simpson, E. and K. Spirydowicz. 2005. Reconstruction and Interpretation of the Wooden Furniture and Small Objects from Tumulus P, Tumulus W, and the City Mound at Gordion, Turkey. Center 25. Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

Simpson, Elizabeth, Krysia Spirydowicz, and Valerie Dorge. 1992. Gordion: Ahsap Eserler / Wooden Furniture. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara.

Slim, Francesca G. and Canan Çakırlar. 2023. Pigs and polities in Iron Age and Roman Anatolia: An interregional zooarchaeological analysis. Quaternary International 662-663: 47-62. [link]

Smullen, Ivor. 1989. The Midas Mound. Omni (March): 84.

Spirydowicz, Krysia. 1994. Conservation of the Ancient Wooden Furniture from Gordion, Turkey. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı, 192-193. Ankara.

Spirydowicz, K., E. Simpson, R. Blanchette, A. Schniewind, M. Toutloff, and A. Murray. 2001. Alvar and Butvar: The Use of Polyvinyl Acetal Resin for the Treatment of the Wooden Artifacts from Gordion, Turkey. Journal of the American Institute of Conservation 40: 43-57.

Starr, S. F. 1963a. The Persian Royal Road in Turkey. Yearbook of the American Philosophical Society 1962, 629-632.

Starr, S. F. 1963b. Mapping Ancient Roads in Anatolia. Archaeology 16: 162-169.

Steinberg, Arthur. 1977. Technology and Culture: Technological Styles in the Bronzes of Shang China, Phrygia, and Urnfield Central Europe. in H. Lechtman and R. S. Merrill (eds.), Material Culture--Style, Organization and Dynamics of Technology, 62-70. St. Paul.

Stephens, Lucas. 2014. Aerial Gordion. [video]

Stewart, Shannan. 2010. Gordion After the Knot: Hellenistic Pottery and Culture. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cincinnati.

Summers, Geoffrey D. 1998. Review of Kohler (1995), Gordion Excavations (1950-1973) Final Reports II: The Lesser Phrygian Tumuli. American Journal of Archaeology 102: 625-626.


Summers, Geoffrey D. 1998. Review of Rose and Darbyshire (2011), The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 72: 289-292. [link]


T [back to top]


Temizsoy, Ilhan. 1992. Mamaderesi Tümülüsü Kazısı. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1991 Yıllığı, 3-28. Ankara.

Temizsoy, Ilhan. 1993. Mamaderesi Tümülüsü Kazısı Küçük Buluntular. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1992 Yıllığı,110-137. Ankara.

Temizsoy, Ilhan. 1994. Mamaderesi Tümülüsü Kazısı Küçük Buluntular II. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1993 Yıllığı, 5-33. Ankara.

Thompson, Elizabeth T. 2011. Documentation and Evaluation of the Conditions of the 9th Century B.C.E. Mosaic, from Gordion, Turkey and Recommendations for its Conservation and Treatment. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Time-Life Books. 1995. Anatolia: Cauldron of Cultures, pp. 79-96 (Peoples of the Midas Touch). Alexandria, Virginia.

Toteva, Galya Dechkova. 2007. Local Cultures of Late Achaemenid Anatolia. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota.

Toteva, Galya D. 2009. Phrygian Gordion in Achaemenid context. Soma 2007. Proceedings of the XI Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Istanbul Technical University 24-29 April 2007, eds. Ç. Ö. Aygün, pp. 380-386. BAR International Series 1900. Archaeopress, Oxford.

U [back to top]


Unruh, Julie and Jessica S. Johnson. 2005. Recent Conservation Research: Soluble Salts in Gordion Ceramics. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 204-214. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

UPMAA 2016. The Golden Age of King Midas. (Exhibit catalog). University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.


V [back to top]


van Dongen, Erik. 2014. Review of Roller (2009), The Incised Drawings from Early Phrygian Gordion. Ancient West & East 13: 390-391.

Vassileva, Maya. 2003. King Midas and the Gordion Knot. Thracia 15: 371-382.

Vassileva, Maya. 2007. First Millennium BC Ritual Bronze Belts in an Anatolian and Balkan Context. in Thrace in the Graeco-Roman World. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Thracology, Komotini-Alexandroupolis 18-23 October 2005, pp. 670-679. Athens.

Vassileva, Maya. 2012. Early Bronze Fibulae and Belts from the Gordion City Mound. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 111-126. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Vergano, Dan. 2012. Celtic sacrifices confirmed at famed ancient site. USA Today, Oct. 27, 2012. [link]

Voigt, Mary M. 1993a. The Bronze Age-Iron Age Transition at Gordion (1200-800 B.C.). American Journal of Archaeology 97: 302-303.

Voigt, Mary M. 1993b. Before Midas: New Excavations at Yassıhöyük-Gordion, 1988-1992. The University Museum Bulletin 32(2): 1-3.

Voigt, Mary M. 1994. Excavations at Gordion 1988-89: The Yassıhöyük Stratigraphic Sequence. in A. Çilingiroğlu and D.H. French (eds.), Anatolian Iron Ages 3: The Proceedings of the Third Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Van, 6-12 August 1990, 265-293. Ankara

Voigt, Mary M. 1997. Gordion. In Oxford Encyclopedia of Near Eastern Archaeology Volume 2, pp. 426-431. New York.

Voigt, Mary M. 1999. Galatian Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 103: 283-283.

Voigt, Mary M. 2000. Gordion: The rise and fall of an Iron Age capital. In Across the Anatolian Plateau, ed. D. Hopkins, 187-196. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Re¬search 57. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research.

Voigt, Mary M. 2003. Celts at Gordion: The Late Hellenistic settlement. Expedition 45: 14-19. [link]

Voigt, Mary M. 2005. Old problems and new solutions: recent excavations at Gordion. In The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians, ed. L. Kealhofer, pp. 22-35. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Voigt, Mary M. 2007. The Middle Phrygian occupation at Gordion. In Anatolian Iron Ages 6. The Proceedings of the Sixth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium held at Eskişehir, 16-20 August 2004, eds. Altan Çilingiroğlu and Antonio Sagona, pp. 311-333. Peeters, Leuven, Paris and Dudley, Massachusetts.

Voigt, Mary M. 2007. Gordion Kazıları/Excavation at Gordion. In Friglerin gizemli uyarlığı/The Mysterious Civilization of the Phrygians, pp. 65-76. Kültür ve Türizm Bakanlığı. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Istanbul.

Voigt, Mary M. 2009. The chronology of Phrygian Gordion. In Tree-Rings, Kings, and Old World Archaeology and Environment: Papers Presented in Honor of Peter Ian Kuniholm, eds. Sturt W. Manning and Mary Jaye Bruce, pp. 220-237. Oxford and Oakville.

Voigt, Mary M. 2011. Gordion: the changing political and economic roles of a first millennium B.C.E. city. In The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia (10,000-323 B.C.E.),, eds. Sharon R. Steadman and Gregory McMahon, pp. 1069-1094. Oxford and New York.

Voigt, Mary M. 2012a. The Unfinished Project of the Gordion Early Phrygian Destruction Level. In The Archaeology of Phrygian Gordion, Royal City of Midas, ed. C.B. Rose pp. 67-99. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Voigt, Mary M. 2012b. Human and animal sacrifice at Galatian Gordion: the uses of ritual in a multiethnic community. In Sacred Killing, The Archaeology of Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East, eds. A.M. Porter and G.M. Schwartz, pp. 237-290. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana.

Voigt, Mary M. 2013. The violent ways of Galatian Gordion. In The Archaeology of Violence, Interdisciplinary Approaches, ed. Sarah Ralph, pp. 203-231. State University of New York Press, Albany.

Voigt, Mary M. 2013a. Gordion as city and citadel. In Cities and Citadels in Turkey: from the Iron Age to the Ottomans, eds. S. Redford and N. Ergin, pp. 161-228. Peeters Publishing, Koç Institute Monograph, Leuven.

Voigt, Mary M. and Keith DeVries. 2011. Emerging problems and doubts. In The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, ed. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire, pp. 23-48. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Voigt, Mary M., Keith DeVries, Robert C. Henrickson, Mark Lawall, David Marsh, Ayşe Gürsan-Salzman, and T. Cuyler Young, Jr. 1997. Fieldwork at Gordion: 1993-1995. Anatolica (Annuaire international pour les civilisations de l'Asie antérieure) 23: 1-59.

Voigt, Mary M. and Robert C. Henrickson. 2000. The Early Iron Age at Gordion: the evidence from the Yassıhöyük Stratigraphic Sequence. In Eliezer D. Oren (ed.) The Sea Peoples and Their World: A Reassessment, 327-360. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

Voigt, Mary M. and Robert C. Henrickson. 2000. Formation of the Phrygian state: the Early Iron Age at Gordion. Anatolian Studies 50: 37-54. [link]

Voigt, Mary M. and Lisa Kealhofer. 2023. Observing change, measuring time: Documenting the Late Bronze Age-Iron Age sequence at Gordion. In Between the Age of Diplomacy and the First Great Empire in Ancient West Asia (1200-900 BC): Moving Beyond the Paradigm of Collapse and Regeneration, eds. L. D'Alfonso, R. Hawley and I. Calini. ISAW Digital Books, New York.

Voigt, Mary M., and T. Cuyler Young, Jr. 1999. From Phrygian capital to Achaemenid entrepot: Middle and Late Phrygian Gordion. Iranica Antiqua 34: 192-240.


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Wallace, Michael. 2012. Review of Miller (2010), Botanical Aspects of Environment and Economy. Environmental Archaeology 17(1): 106-107.

Whitmore, J. 1957. Mighty King's paneled tomb. Life Magazine 43 (August 5): 74-79.

Williams, Evan T., G. Cadet, N. A. Guardala, E. Huang, and F. A. Winter. 1987. Analysis of pottery by PIXE: Late Classical and Hellenistic imports to Gordion. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B22: 430-432. Amsterdam.

Winter, Frederick A. 1973. Late Classical and Hellenistic pottery from Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 77: 232-233.

Winter, Frederick A. 1984. Late Classical and Hellenistic Pottery from Gordion: the Imported Black Glazed Wares. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]

Winter, Frederick A. 1988.Phrygian Gordion in the Hellenistic Period. In Phrygian Art and Archaeology, ed. Oscar White Muscarella. Special issue of Source: Notes in the History of Art VII, nos. 3/4, pp. 60-71. New York.

Wong, Kelly H. 2006. Assessment of the Grout Used for the Structural Stabilization of the Early Phrygian Citadel Gate at Gordion, Turkey. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Wong, Kelly. 2011. Reintegrating Structure. Performance Evaluation of Injection Grouts. In Gordion Awakened, eds. M. Keller and F.G. Matero, pp. 138-179. Architectural Conservation Laboratory University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.


X [back to top]


Y [back to top]


Yakar, Jak 2013. Review of The New Chronology of Iron Age Gordion, eds. C.B. Rose and G. Darbyshire. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 50: 281-289. doi: 10.2143/ANES.50.0.2975518

Young, Rodney S. 1950. Excavations at Yassıhüyük- Gordion 1950. Archaeology 3: 196-201.

Young, Rodney S. 1951. Gordion - 1950. University Museum Bulletin 16.1 (May): 3-20.

Young, Rodney S. 1953a. Progress at Gordion, 1951-1952. University Museum Bulletin 17.4 (December) 2-39.

Young, Rodney S. 1953b. Where Alexander the Great cut the Gordian Knot. Illustrated London News (Jan. 3): 20-23.

Young, Rodney S. 1953c. Making history at Gordion. Archaeology 6: 159-166.

Young, Rodney S. 1954. Gordion. Anatolian Studies 4: 16.

Young, Rodney S. 1955a. A city 2000 years old when Alexander the Great entered it. Illustrated London News (Sept. 17): 478-480.

Young, Rodney S. 1955b. Fouilles de Gordion 1950-1953. Anadolu 2: 43-49.

Young, Rodney S. 1955c. Gordion excavations, 1955. Bulletin of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 9 (November) 4-6.

Young, Rodney S. 1955d. Gordion: Preliminary report--1953. American Journal of Archaeology 59: 1-18.

Young, Rodney S. 1955e. Grave robbers' leavings. Archaeology 8: 191-197.

Young, Rodney S. 1956a. Discoveries at Gordion--1956. Archaeology 9: 263-267.

Young, Rodney S. 1956b. Gordion [1955 campaign]. Anatolian Studies 6: 17-23.

Young, Rodney S. 1956c. Grave of a princely child. Illustrated London News (November 10): 797- 799.

Young, Rodney S. 1956d. King Midas' kitchen. Illustrated London News (November 17): 857-858.

Young, Rodney S. 1956e. The campaign of 1955 at Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 60: 249-266. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1957a. Gordion> 1956: Preliminary report. American Journal of Archaeology 61 (1957) 319-331. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1957b. Gordion excavations--1956. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 7: 26-38.

Young, Rodney S. 1957c. Gordion [1956 campaign]. Anatolian Studies 7: 15-18.

Young, Rodney S. 1957d. Royal tomb at Gordion. Archaeology 10: 217-219.

Young, Rodney S. 1958a. Bronzes from Gordion's royal tomb. Archaeology 11: 227-231.

Young, Rodney S. 1958b From the city of King Midas: Phrygian art. University Museum, Philadelphia. [exhibition catalog]

Young, Rodney S. 1958c. The Gordion campaign of 1957. American Journal of Archaeology 62: 139-154. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1958d. Gordion report--1957. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 8: 33-44.

Young, Rodney S. 1958e. The Gordion tomb. Expedition 1(1): 3-13. [link] / Season reports

Young, Rodney S. 1958f. Tomb of a king of Phrygia. Illustrated London News (May 17): 828-831.

Young, Rodney S. 1959. New discoveries at Gordion. Archaeology 12: 286.

Young, Rodney S. 1960a. Gordion campaign of 1959: Preliminary report. American Journal of Archaeology 64: 227-244. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1960b. Gordion, 1959. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 10: 3-6.

Young, Rodney S. 1960c. Gordion [1959 campaign]. Anatolian Studies 10: 16-21.

Young, Rodney S. 1960d. Gordion: Phrygian construction and architecture. Expedition 2(2): 2-9. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1962a. The 1961 campaign at Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 66 (1962) 53-168. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1962b. Gordion [1961 campaign]. Anatolian Studies 12: 17-22.

Young, Rodney S. 1962c. Gordion: Phrygian construction and architecture II. Expedition 4(4): 2-12. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1963a. Gordion on the Royal Road. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 107 (August): 348-364. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1963b. Problems of Western Phrygia. in Rapports et communications, Cong. International d'Archeol. Class. 8: 162-165. Paris.

Young, Rodney S. 1964a. The 1963 Campaign at Gordion. American Journal of Archaeology 68: 279-292.

Young, Rodney S. 1964b. The archaeological world: the 1963 season, Gordion. The Classical World 57 (January): 164-165.

Young, Rodney S. 1964c. Excavation of Early Phrygian, Hittite and earlier levels at Gordion. Yearbook of the American Philosophical Society, 636-639.

Young, Rodney S. 1964d. The nomadic impact: Gordion. In Dark Ages and Nomads, 52-57. Istanbul.

Young, Rodney S. 1965a. Early mosaics at Gordion. Expedition 7(3): 4-13. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1965b. Gordion: problems of western Phrygia. In Le Rayonnement des civilisations grecque et romaine sur les cultures périphériques (Paris, Eighth International Congress of Classical Archaeology, 1965, 481-485.

Young, Rodney S. 1966a. The Gordion campaign of 1965. American Journal of Archaeology 70: 267-278. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1966b. Excavation of early levels at Gordion in Turkey. Yearbook of the American Philosophical Society (1966) 741-743.

Young, Rodney S. 1967a. Phrygische Kunst. in Propyläen Kunstgeschichte 1: 277-282. Berlin

Young, Rodney S. 1967b. Gordium. Encyclopedia Britannica Vol. 10: 179. Chicago and London.

Young, Rodney S. 1968a. The Gordion Campaign of 1967. American Journal of Archaeology 72: 231-242. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1968b. Gordion: Guide to the Site. Ankara.

Young, Rodney S. 1968c. Operation Gordion. Expedition 11(1): 16. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1969a. Doodling at Gordion. Archaeology 22: 270-275.

Young, Rodney S. 1969b. Old Phrygian inscriptions from Gordion: toward a history of the Phrygian alphabet. Hesperia 38: 270-275. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1974. Phrygian furniture from Gordion. Expedition 16 (Spring): 2-9. [link]

Young, Rodney S. 1975. Gordion: A Guide to the Excavation and Museum. Ankara. [New edition of the 1968 guide]

Young, Rodney S. 1976. Gordion. in Richard Stillwell (ed.), Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, 360. Princeton.

Young, Rodney S. 1978. The Phrygian Contribution. in Proceedings Xth International Congress of Classical Archaeology, 9-24. Ankara.

Young, Rodney S. 1981. Gordion Excavations Reports, Vol. I: Three Great Early Tumuli [P, MM, W] (Philadelphia, University Museum, 1981). [Reviews: Muscarella (1982), Moiseyeva (1983), Ramage (1983), Le Roy (1985)] [buy the book!]

Young, Rodney S. and G. Roger Edwards. 1951. Gordion. Anatolian Studies 1: 11-14.

Young, Rodney S. and G. Roger Edwards. 1952. Gordion. Anatolian Studies 2: 20-22.


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Zeder, Melinda A. and Susan R. Arter. 1994. Changing patterns of animal utilization at ancient Gordion. Paléorient 20(2): 105-118. [link]

Zimansky, Paul. 2007. Review of Kealhofer, ed. (2005), The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians: Recent Work at Gordion. Journal of Field Archaeology 32: 438-440.

Zouck, Nina P. 1974. Hand-carved and Lathe-turned Alabaster from Gordion. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania. [link]


Index of publications

(Books and monographs in boldface) [back to top]

Topic References
Agriculture, agropastoralism, land use (see also food) Çakırlar & Marston 2017; DiBattista 2014; Gürsan-Salzmann 2005; Kealhofer & Marsh 2019; Marsh 2005; Marsh and Kealhofer 2014; Marston 2009, 2010, 2015, 2017; Marston & Miller 2014; METU 1965; Miller 1993, 1999a, 2010, 2011; Miller et al. 2009; Miller & Gürsan-Salzmann 2016; Naycı & Demirdelen 2018; Slim & ‚ak&305;rlar 2023
Annual Reports, official (see Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı) DeVries 1973, 1979, 1981a, 1981b, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987a, 1988b, 1989, 1990; Edwards 1959, 1963; Sams 1989-90, 1992, 1993c, 1995a, 2002, 2005, 2009 to 2011; Rose 2015; Rose & Gürsan-Salzmann 207-2019; Sams and Burke 2008; Sams and Goldman 2006, 2007; Sams and Rose 2012-2014; Sams and Voigt 1990, 1991, 1995-1999, 2003, 2004; Voigt 1994; Voigt et al. 1997; Young 1950-1968, almost annually; Young and Edwards 1951, 1952
Annual Reports, others Cook and Blackman 1971; Gates 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997; Mellink 1955-1978, 1983-1993, almost annually; Rose 2017, 2019
Archaeobotany (including plants, vegetation; see also food) Aytuğ 1986, 1988; Aytuğ and Görcelioğlu 1989; Aytuğ and Pehlivan 1989; Kayacık and Aytuğ 1968; Çakırlar & Marston 2017; Keller 2009; Marston 2009, 2010, 2012, 2017; Marston & Miller 2014; Miller 1993, 1999a, 2009, 2010, 2011a; Miller et al. 2009
Architecture Åkestrom 1966; Biggs & al. 2016; Burke 2012; Codella & Voigt 2023; Del Bono 2016; Filley & al. 2001; Glendinning 1995, 1996a,b, 2002, 2005, 2007; Gönen & al. 2018; Henrickson and Blackman 1999; Keller 2009; Lavall 2012; Liebhart 1988, 1994, 2010, 2012; Liebhart and Stephens 2016; Parachaud 2016; Sams 1994a, 2012; Voigt 2012a; Young 1960d, 1962c
Arts (mosaic, drawing, fresco, music); see also sculpture Alaner 2012; Berndt 2015; Holzman 2015, 2016; Kohler 1964; Lawall 2008; Mellink 1980; Muscarella 1988; Roller 2009, 2012; Romano 1995; Salzman 1982; Sams 1974, 1978; Young 1965a, 1967a, 1969a
Bronze Age (YHSS 10, 8/9) Gunter 1991, 2006; Henrickson 1993a, 1995b; Henrickson and Blackman 1996; Kealhofer & al. 2019; Romano 1995; Vassileva 2012; Voigt 1993a,b; Voigt & Kealhofer 2023
Ceramic studies (style, production) Blackman and Henrickson 1994; DeVries 1993, 1997, 2005; Dusinberre & al. 2019; Glendinning 2007; Grave et al. 2005, 2009; Greenewalt 1966; Gunter 2006; Gürtekin-Demir 2007; Henrickson 1993a,b, 1994, 1995a,b, 2005, 2007; Henrickson and Blackman 1996; Henrickson et al. 2002; Johnston 1970; Kealhofer & al. 2022; Knudsen 1961; Lawall 2008, 2011; Sams 1969, 1971, 1975, 1977, 1979a,b, 1994c, 2012; Lavall 2012; Rademakers et al. 2017; Sams 2011; Schaus 1992; Stewart 2010; Williams 1987; Winter 1973, 1984
Chronology, dating and dendrochronology Bossert 1993; DeVries 2005, 2007, 2011a,b; DeVries et al. 2003; Henrickson and Voigt 1998; Kealhofer & al. 2019; Kohler and Ralph 1961; Kuniholm 1977, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1993a, 1993b, 1996, 1997; Kuniholm and Newton 2011; Manning and Kromer 2011; Manning et al. 2010; Muscarella 2003, 2008; Ralph, 1959; Rose and Darbyshire 2011; Sams 2011, 2012; Sams and Voigt 2004b, 2011; Voigt and DeVries 2011; Voigt & Kealhofer 2023
Conservation and management, site Bedel 2006; Biggs & al. 2016; Del Bono 2011, 2016; Erder and Gürsan-Salzmann 2011; Erder & al. 2013; Falck and Prime 2011; Goodman 2002; Gönen & al. 2018; Gürsan-Salzmann 2010; Keller 2009, 2011; Keller and Matero 2011; Liebhart and Johnson 2005; Lim 2011; Matero 2011, 2012; Matero and Rose 2011; Matero & al. 2011; Miller 1994, 1998, 1999b, 2000, 2011a, 2011b, 2012, 2019; Miller and Bluemel 1999; Miller et al. 2006; Naycı & Demirdelen 2018; Rogers 1989; Salzmann 2009; Thompson 2011; Wong 2006, 2011
Conservation, object Blanchette, 1994; Blanchette et al. 1991; Blanchette and Simpson 1992; Payton 1984; Schniewind 1994; Simpson 1983, 1994b, 1994c, 1995, 1996a, 1997, 1999a,b, 2000, 2001, 2003; Simpson and Spirydowicz 1999, 2005; Simpson et al. 1992; Spirydowicz 1994; Unruh and Johnson 2005
Dig culture and people Brownlee 2009; Darbyshire 2007, 2009, 2016; Darbyshire and Pizzorno 2009a,b; DeVries 2011a; Edwards 1980; Gonzalez 1989; Miller 2002, 2019; Rose 2016a; Young 1968c
Food and residues; see also archaeobotany, zooarchaeology Fleischman 2000; Gorman 2000; McGovern 2000, 2017; McGovern et al. 1999; Miller 2015; Sams 1977; Simpson 2001; Young 1956d
Furniture and wooden objects Aytuğ 1986, 1988; Aytuğ and Görcelioğlu 1989; Aytuğ and Pehlivan 1989; Blanchette, 1994; Blanchette et al. 1991; Blanchette and Simpson 1992; Dorge 1992; Kayacık and Aytuğ 1968; DeVries and Rose 2012; Payton 1984; Schniewind 1994; Simpson 1983, 1985, 1990, 1994a,b,c, 1995, 1996a,b, 1997, 1998, 1999a, b, c, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2008, 2010a, b, 2012a,b,c, 2014, 2016; Simson and Payton 1986; Simpson and Spirydowicz 1999, 2005; Simpson et al. 1992; Spirydowicz 1994; Young 1974
Glass Jones 1993, 1995, 2005, 2009a,b; Reade et al. 2011, 2012, 2015; Saldern 1959a,b
Gordion books and monographs DeVries 1980a; Dusinberre 2005; Gunter 1991; Kealhofer 2005a; Kealhofer & al. 2022; Keller and Matero 2011; Kohler 1995; Körte and Körte 1904; Marston 2017; Miller 2010; Muscarella 1967; Roller 2009; Romano 1995; Rose 2012, 2016c; Rose and Darbyshire 2011; Sams 1994c; Simpson 2010; Simpson and Spirydowicz 1999; Young 1981
Gordion overview articles, chapters, catalogs, guidebooks DeVries 2000; Ecemiş-Özbilen 2019; Expedition 2000, 2009; Friedrich 1941; Giuliano 1960; Matero & al. 2011; Rose and Darbyshire 2016; Sams 1994b; UPMAA 2016; Voigt 1994, 1997; Young 1967b, 1958b, 1964c, 1967b, 1968b, 1995, 1996, 2007
Hellenistic period (YHSS 3) Cox 1966; Grave et al. 2009; Henrickson 1993b; Henrickson and Blackman 1999; Holloway 1957; Jones 1995, 2009a,b; Lawall 2008, 2011, 2012; Lynch 2016; Roller 1986, 1987a,b; Parachaud 2016; Reade et al. 2011, 2012, 2015; Romano 1995; Selinsky 2012; Stewart 2010; Vergano 2012; Voigt 1999, 2003, 2012b, 2013; Winter 1973, 1984, 1988; Young 1955e
History, culture (see also art, inscriptions, specific periods etc.) Amrhein et al. 2016a, b; Burke 2001; DeVries 2011b; DeVries and Rose 2012; Dusinberre 2019; Greenewalt 2012; G&uuuml;rsan-Salzmann 2012; Kim et al. 2016; Kohler 1964; Körte 1897; McGovern & al. 1999; Mellink 1965a; 1983b, 1988, 1991a; Pfister 1926; Roller 1984, 1989, 1991; Sams 1988; UPMAA 2016; Vassileva 2003; Voigt 2000; 2003, 2012b, 2013;Young 1953b,c, 1955a, 1963b, 1964d, 1965b
Inscriptions and language Brixhe 1981, 1995; Brixhe and Lejeune 1984; Goldman 1997; Lejeune 1970; Liebhart and Brixhe 2009; Orel 1997; Roller 1987a,b, 1989; Roller and Goldman 2002; Young 1969b
Iron Age (YHSS 7) DeVries 1980b, 1987b, 1988a, 2011a,b; Henrickson 1993a, 1994; Henrickson and Voigt 1998; Jones 2009; Kealhofer & al. 2019; Kuniholm et al. 2011; Manning and Kromer 2011; Muscarella 1995; Romano 1995; Rose and Darbyshire 2011; Sams 2011; Sams and Voigt 2011; Slim & ‚ak&305;rlar 2023; Vassileva 2007; Voigt 2000; Voigt and DeVries 2011; Voigt and Henrickson 2000a, 2000b; Voigt & Kealhofer 2023
Metal objects and archaeometallurgy Gehrig and Peltz 2008; Hickman 2016; Knudsen 1961; McClellan 1975; Muscarella 1958, 1964, 1965, 1967, 2007; Rademakers et al. 2017; Sams 2011; Steinberg 1977; Temizsoy 1993, 1994; Vassileva 2007, 2012; Young 1958a
Modern culture Dandoy 1996; Ecemiş-Özbilen 2019; Erder & al. 2013; Gürsan-Salzmann 2001, 2005, 2010; METU 1965; Salzmann 2009
Numismatics Bellinger 1968; Cox 1966
Phrygian period s.l. (YHSS 4, 5, 6; see also inscriptions) Burke 2012; Codella & Voigt 2023; DeVries 2008, 2011a,b; Diakonoff and Neroznak 1985; Doğruluk & Yanalak 2021; Dusinberre 2010, 2019; Dusinberre & al. 2019; Gehrig and Peltz 2008; Gönen & al. 2018; Grave et al. 2009; Henrickson 1993b, 2005; Henrickson and Blackman 1996; Holzman 2019; Il 2009; Knudsen 1961; Kohler 1958, 1964, 1980, 1995; Kuniholm et al. 2011; Liebhart 2012; Liebhart et al. 2016; McGovern 2017; Manning and Kromer 2011; Mellink 1965a; Mellink 1988; Muscarella 1995, 2003, 2008; Rademakers et al. 2017; Roller 1984, 2012; Romano 1995; Rose and Darbyshire 2011, 2016; Sams 1979a; Sams 1988, 1993a, 1994a, 1995b, 1997, 2001, 2007a,b, 2011, 2012; Sams and Voigt 2011; Simpson 1988, 1990; Steinberg 1977; Toteva 2007, 2009; UPMAA 2016; Voigt 2007, 2009, 2011, 2012a, 2013a; Vassileva 2003; Voigt and DeVries 2011; Voigt and Henrickson 2000b; Voigt and Young 1999; Young 1963b, 1965b, 1967a; 1978
Physical anthropology (see also tombs) Bostancı 1962; Çiner 1971; Dandoy et al. 2002; Prag 1989, 1990; Scurr 1989; Selinsky 2005, 2012; Vergano 2012
Regional & remote sensing Dickey 1993; Doğruluk & Yanalak 2021; Grave et al. 2009; Liebhart et al. 2016; Kealhofer 2005b; Marsh 1999, 2005, 2012; Marsh and Kealhofer 2014; Nigro & al. 2014; Pizzorno and Darbyshire 2012; Starr 1963a,b; Young 1963a
Roman period (YHSS 2) Bennett and Goldman 2009; Çakırlar & Marston 2017; Darbyshire et al. 2009; Goldman 1997, 2000, 2001, 2007b, 2017; Grave et al. 2009; Marston & Miller 2014; Roller and Goldman 2002; Slim & ‚akirlar 2023
Sculpture, ivories, stone objects Güterbock 1974; Holloway 1957; Kohler 1958, 1962; Mellink 1983b; Prayon 1987; Roller 1986, 2005; Sams 1980; 2011; Romano 1995; Sheftel 1974; Simpson 1993; Zouck 1974
Seals and sealings Dusinberre 2005, 2008, 2010; Güterbock 1980; Porada 1956
Textiles Ballard 2012; Ballard & al. 2012, Ballard & al. 2012; Barber 1991; Bellinger 1962; Brown 1980; Burke 2005, 2010, Ellis 1981; Holzman 2019; Miller et al. 2006; Miller & Gürsan Salzmann 2016; Morgan 2015
Theses Anderson 1980; Brown 1980; DiBattista 2014; Goldman 2009; Greenewalt 1966; Holloway 1957; Johnston 1970; Keller 2009; Knudsen 1961; Kohler 1958; Kuniholm 1977; Liebhart 1988; McClellan 1975; Marston 2010; Muscarella 1958, 1965; Parachaud 2016; Rogers 1989; Sams 1971; Sheftel 1974; Simpson 1985; Stewart 2010; Thompson 2011; Toteva 2007; Winter 1984; Wong 2006; Zouck 1974
Tombs, cemeteries, burials (see also physical anthropology Anderson 2012; Arslan 1989; Doğruluk & Yanalak 2021; Gehrig and Peltz 2008; Goldman 2007a, 2017; Il 2009; Kohler 1980; Liebhart 1988, 1994, 2010, 2012; Liebhart and Brixhe 2009; Liebhart et al. 2016; Smullen 1989; Temizsoy 1992, 1993, 1994; Voigt 2003, 2012b, 2013; Whitmore 1957; Young 1956c, 1957d, 1958e,f; 1981
Videos Miller 2009, 2011b; Miller & Gürsan Salzmann 2016; Stephens 2014
YHSS (Yassıhöyük Stratigraphic Sequence) Gates & al. 2020; Voigt 1994, 2005
Zooarchaeology (including animals, bone, ivory); see also sculpture and ivories, food Carter 1955; Çakırlar & Marston 2017; Dandoy 1996; Dandoy et al. 2002; Ebbinghaus 2008; Gürsan-Salzmann 2005; Holzman 2016; Kohler 1958, 1962, 1964; Miller et al. 2009; Miller & Gürsan-Salzmann 2016; Payne 1995; Sams 1974; Sheftel 1974; Slim & ‚ak&305;rlar 2023; Zeder and Arter 1994

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Recently Added Items:

July 2023

Codella, Kim C. and Mary M. Voigt. 2023. Domestic architecture of Middle Phrygian Gordion. In From Midas to Cyrus and Other Stories. Papers on Anatolia in the Iron Age in Honour of Geoffrey and Françoise Summer, eds. C.M. Dracott, S. Branting, J. Lehner and Y. Ozarslan. BIAA Archaeological Monographs, Ankara.

Dusinberre, Elspeth R.M., Kathleen M. Lynch and Mary M. Voigt. 2019. A mid-6th Century BCE domestic deposit from Gordion in Central Anatolia: Evidence for feasting and the Persian Destruction. BASOR 382:143-209. [link]

Gates, Charles, with contributions from Christine Eslick, Marie-Henriette Gates and Mary M. Voigt. 2020. Locus-Lot System: Guidelines for archaeological excavations. Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, Ankara. (In English and Turkish).

Kealhofer, Lisa, Peter Grave and Mary M. Voigt. 2019. Dating Early Iron Age Gordion: The Timing and Tempo of Political Transformation. Radiocarbon 61(2):495-514.

Kealhofer, Lisa, Peter Grave and Mary M. Voigt. 2022. Ancient Gordion. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Slim, Francesca G. and Canan Çakırlar. 2023. Pigs and polities in Iron Age and Roman Anatolia: An interregional zooarchaeological analysis. Quaternary International 662-663: 47-62. [link]

Voigt, Mary M. and Lisa Kealhofer. 2023. Observing change, measuring time: Documenting the Late Bronze Age-Iron Age sequence at Gordion. In Between the Age of Diplomacy and the First Great Empire in Ancient West Asia (1200-900 BC): Moving Beyond the Paradigm of Collapse and Regeneration, eds. L. D'Alfonso, R. Hawley and I. Calini. ISAW Digital Books, New York.

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Gordion Archaeological Project

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